Solution of Chapter 4. Materials: Metals and Non-Metals (Lakhmir Singh & Manjit Kaur - Science Book)

What is the general name of the elements whose properties are intermediate between those of metals and nonmetals?

Name one metals and one nonmetal which exist in liquid state at room temperature.

Name the property;

(a) Which allows metals to be hammered into thin sheets.

(b) Which enables metals to be drawn into wires.

Name two metals which are soft and can be easily cut with a knife.

If a metal coin is dropped on hard floor, it produces a ringing sound. What is this property of metals known as?

Name the property of iron metal due to which it can be hammered to make objects of different shapes such as an axe, a spade or a shovel.

Name a non-metal which is very hard.

Name a non-metal which is good conductor of electricity?

State on chemical property which can be used to distinguish a metal from a non-metal.

How do metal oxides differ from non-metal oxides?

An element forms an oxide which is acidic in nature. State whether the element is a metal or a non-metal?

An element forms an oxide which is basic in nature. State whether the element is a metal or a non- metal?

Write a word equation for the reaction of magnesium with oxygen.

Iron metal reacts slowly with the oxygen and moisture of damp air to form rust. State whether the rust formed is acidic, basic or neutral.

Name the gas evolved when a metal reacts with water.

Name the gas evolved when a metal reacts with a dilute acid.

Name one metal which reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to produce hydrogen gas.

Name one metal which does not react with dilute hydrochloric acid.

Which metal is more reactive: iron or zinc?

Which metal is less reactive: copper or iron?

Name any five objects used in our everyday life which are made of metals.

Name two metals which are used for making cooking utensils and water boilers for factories.

Name two metals which are used for making electric wires.

Name the metal which is used in making thermometers.

Which metal is used to galvanize iron to protect it from rusting?

Name the metal which is used to make thin foils for packaging medicines, chocolates, and food items, etc.

Name two metals which are used to make jewellery.

Where is iron present in our body?

Name the non-metal which is essential for maintaining life and inhaled during breathing.

Name one non-metal used for making fertilizers.

Which non-metal is used in water purification process to make drinking water supply germ-free?

Name the non-metal used to make purple coloured solution which is applied on cuts and wounds as an antiseptic.

Name two non-metals which are used in fireworks (crackers, etc.)

Which non-metals is used as a fuel?

State whether the following statements are true or false?

(a) All metals exist in solid form at room temperature.

(b) Coal can be drawn into wires.

(c) Non-metals react with dilute acids to produce hydrogen gas.

(d) Sodium is a very reactive metal.

(e) Copper displaces zinc from zinc sulphate solution.

(f) Rust formed on iron objects is basic in nature.

(g) Non-metals react with water to form a gas which burns with a ‘pop’ sound.

Fill in the following blanks with suitable words:

(a) Metals are……………. conductors of heat and……………...

(b) Most non-metals are……………. conductors of heat and electricity.

(c) Phosphorous is a very……………. Non-metal.

(d) Metals react with acids to produce………... gas.

(e) Iron is more…………. than copper.

(f) Metals form……...oxides whereas non-metals form………oxide.

(g) Sulphur forms………oxide whereas magnesium forms…………...oxide.

(h) A non-metal is used to make an antiseptic solution called tincture…………...

State two physical properties on the basis of which metals can be distinguish from non-metals.

Name the gas produced when aluminium foil reacts with:

(a) dilute hydrochloric acid.

(b) Sodium Hydroxide solution.

State any two physical properties for believing that aluminium is a metal.

Compare the properties of metals and nonmetals with respect to:

(i) malleability (ii) ductility and

(iii)conduction of heat and electricity

Give reason why.

(a) Copper metals used for making electric wires.

(b) Graphite is used for making electrode in a cell.

(c) Immersion rods for heating liquids are made of metallic substances.

Define (a) malleability, and (b) ductility.

What is meant by saying that metals are:

(i) Malleable (ii) Ductile (iii) Lustrous and (iv) Sonorous

There are two boxes, one made of metal and the other made of wood, which are similar in appearance. How will you find out which box is made of metal?

Consider the following materials:

Copper, Sulphur, Phosphorus, Carbon (such as: pencil lead), Gold, Silver: Which of these materials are: Malleable and ductile; and brittle.

Can you hold a hot metallic pan which is without a plastic or a wooden handle? Give reason for your answer.

The screw driver used by an electrician has a plastic or wooden handle. Why?

What is the nature (acidic/basic) of the following oxides?

(a) Magnesium oxide

(b) Sulphur dioxide

Given reason for your choice.

What type of oxides are formed:

(a) when metals combine with oxygen?

(b) when non-metals combine with oxygen?

Element A is soft, brittle and does not conduct electricity. Element B is hard, malleable and 'ductile; and also conducts electricity. Which of the two elements, A or B, is a non-metal?

Consider the following elements:

Sodium, Sulphur, Carbon, Magnesium

Which of these elements will form:

(a) acidic oxides.

(b) Basic oxides.

What happens when a copper vessel is exposed to moist air for a long time?

When a copper object is exposed to moist air for a long t e, then a green coating is formed on its surface.

(a) What is the material of the green coating?

(b) State whether the green coating is acidic or basic.

Sodium metal reacts vigorously with water.

(a) Name the gas evolved when sodium reacts with water.

(b) State whether the solution formed by the reaction of sodium with water is acidic or basic.

How do metals react with dilute acids? Explain with the help of an example.

What would you observe when a strip of zinc is placed in copper sulphate solution? Write a word equation of the reaction which takes place.

Can copper displace iron from iron sulphate solution? Give reason for your answer.

Name one metal which can displace iron from iron sulphate solution.

Name one metal which cannot displace iron from iron sulphate solution.

Can you store lemon pickle in an aluminium utensil? Explain.

Why should the foodstuffs like orange juice, pickles, chutney and curd not be kept in iron or aluminium containers?

Give reasons for the following:

(a) Sodium and potassium are stored in kerosene.

(b) Copper cannot displace zinc from its salt solution (zinc sulphate solution).

Why are metals used for making bells?

Why is phosphorus kept under water?

Which of the following can be beaten into thin sheets? Why?

(a) Zinc

(p) Phosphorus

(c)Sulphur

(d) Oxygen

Match the substances given in column A with their uses given in column B:

Column A

(i) Gold

(ii) Iron

(iii) Aluminium

(iv) Carbon

(v) Copper

(vi) Mercury

Column B

(a) Thermometers

(b) Electric wires

(c) Wrapping food

(d) Jewellery

(e) Machinery

(f) Fuel

Give one use each of the following metals:

(a) Iron

(b) Copper

(c) Aluminium

(d) Zinc

(e) Mercury

State one use each of the following non-metals:

(a) Oxygen

(b) Nitrogen

(c) Sulphur

(d) Chlorine

(e) Iodine

What are metals? Name five metals.

What are non-metals? Name five non-metals.

What are metalloids? Name two metalloids.

Classify the following elements into metals, nonmetals and metalloids:

Copper, Sulphur, Aluminium, Oxygen, Silicon, Nitrogen, Germanium, Mercury, Chlorine, Sodium.

What happens when sulphur dioxide is dissolved in water? Write a word equation for the reaction which takes place.

What happens when an iron nail is placed in copper sulphate solution? Write word equation of the reaction involved.

State five characteristics of metals and five characteristics of nonmetals.

State five uses of metals and five uses of non-metals.

Compare the Chemical Properties of Metals and Non metals in tabular form.

An element is soft and can be cut easily with a knife. It is very reactive and cannot be kept open in the air. It reacts vigorously with water. This element is most likely to be:

Which one of the following four metals would be displaced from the solution of its salt by the other three metals?

Sulphur element is said to be:

An element Z reacts with water to form a solution which turns phenolphthalein indicator pink. The element X is most likely to be:

The non-metal which exists in the liquid state at room temperature is:

A basic oxide will be formed by the element:

“Is malleable and ductile”. This best describes:

The metal which will not produce hydrogen gas on reacting with dilute sulphuric acid is:

The element which is stored under kerosene is:

Which of the following pairs cannot undergo displacement reaction?

Which of the following metal exists in the liquid state at room temperature?

The element Z burns in air to form an oxide. The aqueous solution of this oxide turns blue litmus to red. The element Z is most likely to be:

Which of the following element is a metalloid?

Which of the following elements will produce an oxide that will dissolve in water to form an acid?

The least reactive metal among the following is:

You are given a solution of iron sulphate. Which of the following do you think cannot displace iron from iron sulphate?

When a vessel is exposed to moist air for a long time, then a green coating is formed on its surface. The vessel must be made of:

Which among the following is the most reactive metal?

The element whose oxide will turn red litmus solution to blue will be:

Which of the following is not a characteristic property of iron?

Which of the following reactions will not occur? Why not?

(a) Zinc sulphate + Copper Copper Sulphate + zinc

(b) Copper Sulphate + Iron iron Sulphate + copper

One day Reeta went to a jeweller’s shop with her mother. Her mother gave an old gold jewellery to goldsmith to polish. Next day when they brought the jewellery back, they found that there was a slight loss in its weight. Can you suggest a reason for the loss in weight?

An element burns in air to form an oxide. The aqueous solution of this oxide turns blue litmus paper red. State whether the element is a metal or nonmetal. Name one such element.

An element burns in air to form an oxide. The aqueous solution of this oxide turns turmeric paper red. State whether the element is a metal or nonmetal. Name one such element.

The metal X reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to form a gas Y. The metal X also reacts with sodium hydroxide solution (on heating) to form the same gas Y. When a lighted matchstick is applied, this gas burns by producing a ‘pop’ sound.

(a) name two metals which could behave like X

(b) Name the gas Y