Solution of Chapter 8. Cell Structure and Functions (Lakhmir Singh & Manjit Kaur - Science Book)

Which instrument was essential for the study of cells ?

What is the basic similarity among all the living organism (plants and animals) ?

Name the scientist who observed a thin slice of cork through a microscope and coined the team ‘cell’.

Name the outermost layer of an animal cell.

Which part of the cell contains organelles?

Name any two organelles present in a cell.

Which part of a cell carries out respiration?

What are the units of inheritance in living organisms?

Which is the largest floating body generally in the center of a cell?

What is the function of nucleus in a cell?

What do the chloroplasts contain?

What kind of cells are surrounded by a cell wall?

What sort of cells do not have a cell wall around them ?

Name the layer which is outside the cell membrance of a plant cell.

How is the outside of a plant cell different from that of an animal cell ?

Name the organelle of a plant cell where photosynthesis takes place.

Which part of a plant cell protects outside of the cell ?

Which part of plant cell releases energy from food?

What causes the red colour in tomatoes?

Which part of the two has a large vacuole: a plant cell or an animal cell ?

Name any two parts which are present in a plant cell but not in an animal cell.

Which cells transmit message between the brain and other parts of the body?

Which cells in the human body can contract (and relax) ?

Name the spindle-shaped cells present in the human body.

State an important characteristic of muscles cells.

Name a single cell (other than Ameoba cell) which can change its shape.

Name one ‘single cell’ which behaves like a complete organism.

Name one cell which can be seen easily with naked eye and one cell which can be seen only through a microscape.

State whether the following statements are true or false :

(a) Unicellular organism have one- celled body.

(b) Muscle cells are branched.

(c) Amoeba has irregular shape.

(d) All the cells in our body are alike.

(e) A hen’s egg is a group of cells.

(f) The basic living unit of an organism is organ.

Name the smallest unit of life.

What is a ‘cell’ in biology ?

What are the basic parts of all the cells ?

What parts are present only in plant cells ?

What controls the flow of substance in and out of a cell ?

Which part of a cell controls all the activities of the cell ?

Name the animal cell which is long and has thread-like branches.

What is the function of chloroplasts in a plant cell ?

Name an organism which has no definite shape, and it keeps on changing its shape.

Name one cell in human body which is spherical in shape.

Which organism has the smallest cell?

Name the biggest cell ?

Name two animal organs and two plant organs.

Name two plant organ which is responsible for :

(a) making of food.

(b) absorption if water and minerals.

Which of the two does not have a true nucleus: prokaryotic cell or eukaryotic cell?

Name one prokaryotic cell and one eukaryotic cell.

Fill in the blanks with suitable words :

(a) Cells were first observed in cork by ………………… in 1665.

(b) What is brick to a house is …………. To an organism.

(c) The cytoplasm and nucleus make up the ……………………………….

(d) The shape and size of a cell is related to its ………………………….

(e) The bacteria cells are ……….. to ………………micrometer in length.

(f) The smallest unit of life is a ………

(g) Tissues make up ………………..

(h) Organ systems make up an …………

(i) Cells make up …………………………………

(j) Organs make up …………………………..

Why are plant and animal specimens usually stained with dyes before observing them through a microscape ? Name one stain (or dye) used for this purpose.

What is a tissue? Give two examples of tissues.

What is an organ? Give two examples of organs.

What is an organ system ?

(a) Give two examples of organ systems in animals.

(b) Name the two main organ systems in plants .

Which of the following are plant organs and which are animal organs ?

Brain, Leaf, Lungs, Roots, Stem, Kidneys, Flower, Heart

What are the functions of the following organs ?

(a) Heart (b) Brain

(c) Roots (d) Leaves

What is the shape of red blood cells in human blood? What function do red blood cells perform ?

State the difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

Name two prokaryotes and two eukaryotes.

Why are nerve cells long and have branches ?

What is the other name of a nerve cell ?

Why could cells not be observed and studied for thousands of years ?

State the cell theory of organisms.

Explain the function of mitocheondria in a cell.

Make a sketch of human nerve cell. What function do nerve cells perform ?

Make a sketch of the human muscle cell. What are the functions do muscles cell perform ?

What are pseudopodia in Ameoba? What are the functions of pseudopodia?

Where are chromosomes found in a cell ? State their function.

What are genes ? Where are genes located ?

What is a plastid ? What is the name of green plastids present in plant cells ?

What is the size of an ostrich egg ? Is it a single cell or a group of cells ?

What is the function of cell wall in a plant cell ?

Name two cells which are found in animals and two which are found in plants.

What is cytoplasm? What is its function?

What is protoplasm ? Name the elements which make up major part of protoplasm.

What are unicellular organisms ? Name two unicellular organisms.

What are multicellular organisms ? Name two multicellular organisms.

Draw the general diagram of an animal cell and label it.

Draw the general diagram of a plant cell and label it.

Explain why, chloroplasts are found only in plant cells.

An Ameoba cell can change its shape and a white blood cell in human blood can also changing its shapes. What is the difference between an Amoeba cell and a white blood cell?

Out of Amoeba cell and white blood cell, which one is

(i) eukaryotic cell, and

(ii) prokaryotic cell ?

State three difference between a plant cell and animal cell ?

Which of the following are prokaryotic cells and which are eukaryotic cells ?

Amoeba cell, Bacterium cell, Human cheek cell, Blue-green algae cell, onion peel cell.

The organelles which provide energy for all activities of a cell are :

In a living cell, chromatin is present in :

The cell wall in onion peel cell is made of :

The group of similar cell which work together to perform a particular functions is called :

A long and branched animal cell is :

Which of the following is not a unicellular organism ?

Which of the following organelle is not found in the root cells of a plant ?

The part of a cell which plays a role in inheritance is :

The basic similarity among all the living organisms is that they are made up of :

The structural and functional unit of life called cell was discovered by :

Which of the following cell does not have a nucleus ?

The parts which are not present in an animal cell are :

A) Cell membrane

B) Chloroplast

C) Cell wall

D) Mitochondria

All the living matter in a cell is called :

Which of the following is a plant cell ?

The egg cell measuring about 17 cm X 13 cm is most likely that of :

Which of the following have cell walls ?

A) Epidermal cell

B) Epithelial cell

C) Mesophyll cell

D) Liver cell

Which of the following are prokaryotes ?

Which of the following human system includes oesophagus ?

Which of the following cells can change their shape ?

A) White blood cell

B) Amoeba cell

C) Red blood cell

D) Euglena cell

The non-living part of a tomato cell is its :

The part of P and Q are present only in plant cells, and they are not present in animal cells. The part P contains a green pigment called R whereas part Q is made of a tough material S. The part P takes part in the food making process whereas part Q gives shape and support to the plant cell.

(a) What is (i) P, and (ii) Q?

(b) What is (i) R, and (ii) S?

A, B, C and D are the basic part of all the cells. The part A contains thread- like structures called E which transfer the characteristic from parents to their offsprings. The part B uses glucose and oxygen to produce energy whereas part C controls the movement of substance into the cell. The part D is a transparent, jelly-like material. What could A, B, C, D and E be ?

X and Y are the two types of cells. The cells X have a well organized nucleus which is separated from the cytoplasm by the nuclear membrane On the other hand, cells Y do not have a real nucleus, their nuclear material is in direct contact with the cytoplasm.

(a) what type of cells are

(i) X, and (ii) Y ?

(b) Give one example each of cells like

(i) X, and (ii) Y ?

The cytoplasm of the cells of a tomato plant contains organelles X having different pigments which impart different colours to the leaves of tomato plants and its fruits.

(a) What is the general name of the organelles X ?

(b) What is the (i) name (ii) colour, and (iii) function, of organelles X present in the leaves of Tomato plant?

(c) What is the colour of organells X which are present in the ripe fruits of tomato plant ?

Cell make up A; A make up B; B make up C, and finally C make up an organism. What are A, B, and C ?