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When do we consider a given substance as waste?
In what way can biodegradable substances be used by farmers?
Besides natural degradation by microbes, what are the other ways to dispose of biodegradable wastes?
Why is plastic bag called non-biodegradable while the paper is not?
What is the most characteristic feature of non-biodegradable wastes?
Write any one effect of non-biodegradable substances.
From the list given below, choose an artificial ecosystem. Pond, crop field, lake, forest.
In what way, the biotic components of an ecosystem are different from abiotic components?
Producers are also referred to as the autotrophs. Why?
Why herbivores also known as first order consumers?
Zebra, jackals, lions, goat, horse, wolves and sheep. Identify the first order consumers from those given above. Give a reason to support your answer.
Based on their feeding habits, differentiate parasites from decomposers.
In three words, describe the relationship of organisms working in a food chain.
Identify the members present at the bottom and top of a terrestrial food chain.
Consider a food chain of the following: Fish, crab, phytoplankton, shark. Arrange the above chain in the proper order of trophic level.
What percentage of solar radiation is absorbed by green plants for photosynthesis?
In which form is the 10% energy available for transfer?
Fertilizers and other chemicals used in agriculture are harmful to us. Give reason.
Identify the organisms from the following food chain which will respectively have a maximum and minimum concentration of chemicals in its body? Peacock, frog, snake, grasshopper.
Ozone present in the atmosphere is very important for sustenance of life on earth. Justify.
The ultraviolet radiations are damaging to living components of the environment. Give a reason.
Efforts are being made for substituting the chemicals like CFCs. Why?
Name the process in which wastes are burned at high temperature.
Untreated sewage being disposed of in waste bodies to lead to water pollution. Suggest the practices that can be included for better disposal of sewage waste.
What can best method be used for the safe disposal of hospital wastes?
Can biodegradable wastes be harmful?
Which biological factor is responsible for poor vegetation in deserts?
Which group of organisms converts organic materials into inorganic forms?
Are plants actually producers of energy?
What do we call the various steps involved in the food chain?
Identify A and B in the given figure.
A food chain represents a unidirectional flow of X. What is X?
Why is straight line food chain not common in the natural ecosystem?
How many trophic levels does a food chain normally have?
Which trophic level has a maximum number of organisms?
How is being a vegetarian advantageous in terms of energy?
State one reason to justify the position of a man at the apex of most food chains.
What term is given to the phenomenon where a harmful chemical enters a food chain and starts accumulating?
Name the radiations absorbed by the ozone layer?
Does change in lifestyle add waste to the environment?
Name the process by which volume of solid wastes can be reduced.
Give the difference between paper and glass as a waste product.
List a few practices that lead to the production of non-biodegradable waste.
What -are the functions of an ecosystem?
Why do all food chains start with plants?
What do you call the organism which feeds on both plants and animals? What is the most likely position of this organism in the food chain?
Explain the difference between the energy captured by producers and energy transferred to consumers.
Can an organism occupy position in more than one food chain? If so, give an example.
Mention the effects of ozone layer depletion on human beings.
Ultraviolet radiation from sunlight causes a reaction involving O2 as reactant. What does that produce?
What does release of phosphates and nitrates in water bodies lead to?
Give two probable damages that are caused due to ozone layer depletion.
How do CFCs affect ozone layer?
Disposal of waste should be done properly. Justify the statement.
(i) Why is use of disposable paper cups convenient over the use of disposable plastic cups?
(ii) How do biodegradable wastes not cause pollution?
Draw a pond ecosystem showing its different components.
'Man is only a consumer'. Justify the statement.
How much energy will be available to hawks in the food chain comprising hawk, snake, paddy, and mice if 10,000 J of energy is available to paddy from the Sun?
The number of trophic levels is limited to 3-4 in a food chain. Give reason.
Look at the following figures. Choose the correct one and give a reason for your choice.
Make an aquatic food chain up to the tertiary consumer level. State the trophic level at which concentration of pesticide is maximum and why?
Why are bacteria and fungi called decomposers? List advantages of decomposers to the environment.
How is Earth kept warm by nature? Describe in detail.
How do human activities affect the environment?
Which part of the waste is changed into an agricultural resource?
How can pesticides be allowed in beverages?
On recycling, waste paper is converted into which product?
Why do harmful chemicals concentrate as we go up in a food chain?
State any three environmental problems caused by man.
Divide the wastes generated from your house into biodegradable and non-biodegradable categories. Suggest methods for their disposal.
What is the environment? What type of substances are the major pollutants of the environment?
Make two food chains and a food web from the following set of living organisms: Grass, vulture, deer, insect, and snake. Identify the tertiary consumers in both the food chains.
What happens once the Sun's energy reaches the Earth? Explain with the help of a diagram.
If the primary consumer has 400 J of energy. What was the energy trapped by the producer and also write the energy present at the quaternary consumer level?
State the 10 % law, associated with the flow of energy in trophic levels of organisms.
An industry is being established near a town. How can the wastes generated from this industry affect the local environment?
Give a detailed account of ozone layer depletion and the harm ozone layer depletion has caused to the ecosystem.
Identify a deadly poisonous gas X found at the higher levels of atmosphere. Write its chemical formula and equation of its formation. Why is damage to X layer a cause of concern?
Categorize some of the activities performed by you as an eco-friendly person. Suggest some more eco-friendly activities which we should adopt in day-to-day life.
Plastic production is increasing day-by-day in spite of the fact that plastic is harmful for the environment. Read the given passage and answer the following questions:
What are the harmful effects of plastic usage?
Plastic production is increasing day-by-day in spite of the fact that plastic is harmful for the environment. Read the given passage and answer the following questions
In our day-to-day situation, what is the alternative that we can use instead of plastics?
What can be learnt as a good citizen in concern for this issue?
On a visit to his hometown in Gujarat, Aman went to the famous beach in the city. He was shocked to see plastic, paper, waste food, water bottle being thrown away on the beach and also floating on the beach water. On seeing this, Aman asked his father to talk to the care taker of that area to do something regarding this.
What can be the consequence of this situation on the environment?
What measures you can take as an individual to keep the beach clean?
How can government help in keeping the beach clean?
What values are shown by Aman?
While explaining the recent developing ozone hole on Antarctica, teacher makes a remark that 'without ozone layer, organisms cannot survive on Earth'. Kalpana gets curious about the various aspects of ozone layer and asks some questions to her teacher.
How is ozone layer formed?
What has led to its depletion?
What measures can an individual take to protect ozone layer?
The diagram shows part of a river into which sewage is being pumped. Some of the effects of adding sewage to the river are shown in the graph. At which point in the river are decomposers most active?
The diagram shots the flow of energy through an ecosystem.
The smallest amount of energy transferred between organisms and the largest amount of energy lost to the ecosystem is represented by which arrows?
The following graph shows the concentration of oxygen in a river, measured at stations 1.5, each 100 m apart. A sewage outflow is observed just after station 1. At which stations will the concentration of organic matter be lowest?
Fertilizers are used on farmlands to increase the nutritive quality of soil and thus, the crop productivity. However, they greatly impact our environment in negative ways. A fertilizer Industry is planning to release nitrate free or reduced nitrate containing fertilizer to make it more environment friendly. This control of nitrate rich fertilizers is necessary because
The diagram shows the organisms in a habitat.
Which of the following indicates the feeding relationships of these organisms?
The diagram represents the flow of substances within a balanced ecosystem. The boxes are various trophic levels. Which box represents the producers?
