(a) monovalent material –

We know

1 F (farady) is 1 mol of electrons

⇒1 F = one electron (1.602 x 10^-19) ×Avogadro's number (6.022 x 10²³)

=96,500 C of charge

We know that amount of charge required by 1 equivalent mass of the substance = 96500 C

For a monovalent material, equivalent mass is its molecular mass

⇒ Amount of charge required by 6.023 × 10²³ atoms which is the Avogadro’s Number and is equal to 96500 C of charge

Therefore ,amount of charge required by 1 atom =

(b) For a divalent material-

As we know equivalent mass(1U) is 12 times its molecular mass(Z)

We know

1 F (faraday) is 1 mol of electrons

⇒1 F = one electron (1.602 x 10^-19) ×Avogadro's number (6.022 x 10²³)

= 96,500 C of charge

⇒ Amount of charge required is 12 times of 6.023 × 10²³ =

= 96500 C of charge

⇒ Amount of charge required by 1 atom for a divalent material is –