List the raw materials required for craft production in the Harappan civilisation and discuss how these might have been obtained.

The raw materials required for craft production in the Harappan civilisation are –

• Stones like carnelian, jasper, crystal, quartz and steatite

• Metals like copper, bronze and gold; and shell, faience and terracotta or burnt clay

Methods of procuring materials for craft production

• They procured materials for crafts in many ways, like they established settlements at Nageshwar, Shortughai and Balakot, the areas where shell was available.

• Another method for procurement was to send expedition to different places.

Therefore, some raw materials were locally available and some were purchased from distant places.