Cards numbered 1 to 30 are put in a bag. Find the probability that the number on the drawn card is (i) not divisible by 3, (ii) a prime number greater than 7, (iii) not a perfect square number.
Total numbers of elementary events are: 30
(i) Let E be the event of drawing a number not divisible by 3
The favourable numbers are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13, 14, 16, 17, 19, 20, 22, 23, 26, 28, 29
Then, the numbers of favourable events = 19
∴ P (not divisible by 3) = P (E) = 19/30
(ii) Let E be the event of getting a prime number greater than 7
The favourable numbers are: 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29
Then, the number of favourable outcome = 6
∴ P (prime number greater than 7) = P (E) = 6/30 = 1/5
(iii) Let E be the event of drawing not a perfect square number
Let A be the event of getting a perfect square number
The favourable numbers are: 1, 4, 9, 16, 25
Then, the number of favourable = 5
P (perfect square) = P (A) = 5/30 = 1/6
∴ P (not perfect square number) = 1 – P (A) = 1- 1/6 = 5/6