Pressure and temperature determine the state of a substance. Explain this in detail.

Pressure:

On increasing pressure:


i. On increasing pressure, particles of matter come closer.


ii. If pressure is increasingly applied on a gas, particles of the gas come more closer and a stage is reached when gas may change into liquid.


iii. If pressure is increasingly applied on a liquid, it will change into liquid.


On reducing pressure:


i. On reducing pressure, particles of matter expand.


ii. If reducing pressure is applied on a liquid, it will change into gas.


iii. If reducing pressure is applied on a solid, it will change into liquid.


Temperature:


On increasing temperature:


i. The kinetic energy of the particles increases.


ii. Due to the increase in kinetic energy, the particles start vibrating with greater speed.


iii. As a result, the particles leave their fixed positions and start moving freely.


iv. If temperature is increasingly applied on solid, it will change into liquid state.


On decreasing temperature:


i. On decreasing the temperature of any state, the particles come closer:


ii. If we apply reducing temperature on gas, it will change into liquid.


iii. If we apply reducing temperature on liquid, it will change into solid.


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