Table of Contents

QR Code Chapter 12


12. Smart Charts

Chi-Chi, Meow-Meow

Yamini did a project ‘Animals and Birds’. She asked each child of her class about one favourite pet animal.

She used tally marks to record each answer. For example if someone said cat she put one line in front of ‘cats’. When someone said cat again, she added a line. So means two cats and means 5 cats. In all 24 children said cat was their favourite animal. Help Yamini complete the table.

Animal

Tally Marks

Number

Cats

Four rectangles, each divided into half by a line inside them and one blank rectangle.

24

Dogs

Six rectangles, each divided into half by a line inside them and one half rectangle.

 

Rabbits

Two rectangles, each divided into half by a line inside.

 

Cows

Four rectangles, each divided into half by a line inside them and one half rectangle.

 

Parrots

One rectangle divided by a line inside it and one rectangle is drawn without base.

 

Goats

Four rectangles each divided into half by a line inside them.

 

Squirrel

Three rectangles each divided into half by lines inside them.

 

* Look at the tally marks and write the number for each animal in the table. How many children in all did Yamini talk to?

* Which is the most favourite pet animal in this table?

* Which pet will you like to have? What will you name it? Which other animals can be kept at home? Discuss.

A girl is standing on a road near a shop and many vehicles like buses, bicycles and rikshaws are passing from there.

Making Tally Marks on the Road

Sumita stood on the road for half an hour and counted the number of vehicles passing by. She made a tally mark for each vehicle. This helped her in counting quickly the total number of vehicles in each group.

 

Tally Marks

Number

Cycle

Five rectangles, each divided into half by a line inside them and one rectangle is drawn without a base.

 

Car

Two rectangles divided by lines inside them and one half rectangle.

 

Auto rickshaw

Three rectangles each divided into half by lines inside them and one rectangle drawn without a base.

 

Bus

Three rectangles each divided into half by lines inside them.

 

Cycle rickshaw

Four rectangles, each divided into half by a line inside them and one blank rectangle.

 

Truck

A rectangle divided into half by a line inside it and one straight line.

 

* Write the number of each vehicle in the table.

* How many vehicles in all did Sumita see on the road in half an hour?

* Auto rickshaws are thrice the number of trucks — true/false?

* Make tally marks for 7 more buses, and 2 more trucks.

Try yourself

* Take a round in you colony. Find out how many types of trees you can see there. Do you know their names? You can make drawings. s tally marks to the number of different trees.

Children should be encouraged to use tally marks to simultaneously record data of a variety of things with larger numbers.

Helping Hands

In the EVS period, the teacher asked children whether they help their parents at home.

There were different answers.

Children named the work in which they help their parents the most. The teacher collected their answers and made a table.

A teacher is writing on a board and students are writing.

Help most in house work

Number of children

Going to the market

47

Washing utensils

15

Washing clothes

3

Making, serving food

25

Cleaning the house

10

Total children who said they help their parents

 

There is a woman sitting on the floor with a basket of vegetables and a boy carrying a bag full of vegetables.

Now you can fill the chapati chart to show the numbers given in the table.

1) Look and find out

Children who help in making or serving food are

a) One-third of the total children

b) Half of the total children

c) One-fourth of the total children

A circle is divided into many parts. On its one part, it is written cleaning the house and below it, number ten is written.

2) Practice time: After school

Ask 10 of your friends about what they like to do most after school.

What they like to do after school

Number of children

Watching TV

 

Playing football

 

Reading story books

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

A girl is sleeping on a mat.

A girl and a boy are jumping near a tree and a bird is flying over the tree.

Ad Mad!!

Ragini loves to watch cartoons on television. One day she thought of counting the number of ads during the breaks. She found that in each break there were 14 advertisements. In 10 of those ads there were children as actors.

* Why do you think that children are used in so many ads?

* Use tally marks to count the number of ads during a short break in programme.

Were there ads during the news programme?

Try yourself

* Next time when you watch your favourite TV programme, count the number of advertisements during each break. Use tally marks. Put a dot below the tally when you find children in any advertisement.

* Compare with your friends. Do you get different answers?

A girl, an ice cream, a glass with a straw, a packet of chips.

Hot and Cold

Have you seen the weather report on TV or in a newspaper? These are two bar charts. These show the highest temperature (in degrees Celsius) in four cities, on two different days. The cities are Delhi, Shimla, Bangalore and Jaisalmer.

A boy wearing shorts, is standing out in the Sun. A bird and a kite are flying in the sky.

A bar diagram showing temperatures in different states on first June. On the x-axis, states are marked and on the y-axis, temperatures are marked in degrees. Temperature is thirty three degrees in Delhi, Twenty two degrees in Shimla, twenty eight degrees in Bangalore and thirty eight degrees in Jaisalmer.

A bar diagram showing temperatures in different states on first December. On the x-axis, states are marked and on the y-axis, temperatures are marked in degrees. Temperature is twenty three degrees in Delhi, ten degrees in Shimla, twenty four degrees in Bangalore and twenty five degrees in Jaisalmer.

Find out from the bar chart —

* Which city is the hottest on 1 June?

* Which city is the coldest on 1 December?

* Which city shows little change in temperature on the two days – 1 June and December.

Try yourself

On any one day, choose any three cities and record their temperature from the TV or newspaper.

* Make a bar chart in your notebook and ask your friends a few questions about it. See if they understand your chart!

Encourage children to look at the map of India to locate different cities. They can try to relate the temperature variations in a city to get an idea of the climate there.

Rabbits in Australia

Earlier there were no rabbits in Australia. Rabbits were brought to Australia around the year 1780. At that time there were no animals in Australia which ate rabbits. So the rabbits began to multiply at a very fast rate. Imagine what they did to the crops!

The table shows how rabbits grew every year.

Time

Number of rabbits

Start

10

1 year

18

2 year

32

3 year

58

4 year

108

5 year

 

6 year

 

1) After each year the number of rabbits was —

a) a little less than double the number of rabbits in the last year.

b) double the number in the last year.

c) 8 more than the number in the last year.

d) more than double the number of rabbits in the last year.

2) At the end of year 6, the number of rabbits was close to

__________     400

__________     600

__________     800

3) After which year did the number of rabbits cross 1000?

More such examples should be done in class. It is important for children to get a sense of approximation.

Family Tree

Madhav went to a wedding along with his parents. He met many relatives there. But he didn’t know everyone. He met his mother s grandfather, but found that her grandmother is not alive. He also found that her mother (grandmother’s mother) is still alive, and is more than a hundred years old.

Madhav got confused. He couldn’t imagine his mother’s grandmother’s mother! So, Madhav’s mother made a family tree for him —

A boy made a family tree of his relatives by writing their names along with their pictures pasted in circles.

Madhav’s mother helped him understand her family with the help of this drawing. You can also find out about your older generations using such a family tree.

Answer these questions:

1) How many grand parents in all does Shobna have?

2) How many great, great grandparents in all does Madhav have?

3) How many elders will be in the VII generation of his family?

4) If he takes his family tree forward in which generation will he find 128 elders?

Day

Length of the plant (in cm)

0

0

4

1.4

8

5.3

12

9.5

16

10.2

20

10.9

Growth Chart of a Plant

Amit sowed a few seeds of moong dal in the ground. The height of the plant grew to 1.4 cm in the first four days.

After that it started growing faster.

Amit measured the height of the plant after every four days and put a dot on the chart. For example if you look at the dot marked on the fourth day, you can see on the left side scale that it is 1.4 cm high.

Now look at the height of each dot in cm and check from the table if he has marked the dots correctly.

A graph showing the growth chart of a plant. Days are marked on x-axis and length is marked on the y-axis. The growth is indicated by dots on the graph. There is a dot marked at zero, then a dot is marked between lengths one and two centimeters at day four. Another dot is marked at day eight between five and six centimeters, another dot is marked at day twelve between nine and ten centimeters, another dot at day sixteen slightly above ten centimeters and the last dot is marked at eleven centimeters at day twenty.

Find out from the growth chart

a) Between which days did the length of the plant change the most?

i) 0-4

ii) 4-8

iii) 8-12

iv) 12-16

v) 16-20

b) What could be the length of this plant on the 14th day? Guess.

i) 8.7 cm

ii) 9.9 cm

iii) 10.2 cm

iv) 10.5 cm

c) Will the plant keep growing all the time? What will be its length on the 100th day? Make a guess!

There should be some discussion on the last question. Children should be encouraged to observe growth patterns of many other plants and animals.