vc ,d fnu nks xkSjS;k lh/h vanj ?kql vkb± vkSj fcuk iwNs mM+&mM+dj edku ns[kus yxhaA firkth dgus yxs fd edku dk fujh{k.k dj jgh gSa fd muosQ jgus ;ksX; gS ;k ughaA dHkh os fdlh jks'kunku ij tk cSBrha] rks dHkh f[kM+dh ijA fiQj tSls vkb± Fkha oSls gh mM+ Hkh xb±A ij nks fnu ckn geus D;k ns[kk fd cSBd dh Nr esa yxs ia[ks osQ xksys esa mUgksaus viuk fcNkou fcNk fy;k gS] vkSj lkeku Hkh ys vkb± gSa vkSj e”ks ls nksuksa cSBh xkuk xk jgh gSaA tkfgj gS] mUgsa ?kj ilan vk x;k FkkA

ek¡ vkSj firkth nksuksa lksisQ ij cSBs mudh vksj ns[ks tk jgs FksA FkksM+h nsj ckn ek¡ flj fgykdj cksyha] ¶vc rks ;s ugha mM+saxhA igys bUgsa mM+k nsrs] rks mM+ tkrhaA vc rks bUgksaus ;gk¡ ?kksalyk cuk fy;k gSA¸

bl ij firkth dks xqLlk vk x;kA og mB [kM+s gq, vkSj cksys] ¶ns[krk gw¡ ;s oSQls ;gk¡ jgrh gSa! xkSjS;k¡ esjs vkxs D;k ph”k gSa! eSa vHkh fudky ckgj djrk gw¡A¸

¶NksM+ks th] pwgksa dks rks fudky ugha ik,] vc fpfM+;ksa dks fudkysaxs!¸ ek¡ us O;aX; ls dgkA

ek¡ dksbZ ckr O;aX; esa dgsa] rks firkth mcy iM+rs gSa og le>rs gSa fd ek¡ mudk e”kkd mM+k jgh gSaA og iQkSju mB [kM+s gq, vkSj ia[ks osQ uhps tkdj ”kksj ls rkyh ctkbZ vkSj eq¡g ls ^'k-----'kw* dgk] ck¡gsa >qykb±] fiQj [kM+s&[kM+s owQnus yxs] dHkh ckgsa >qykrs] dHkh ^'k---'kw* djrsA

xkSjS;ksa us ?kksalys esa ls flj fudkydj uhps dh vksj >k¡ddj ns[kk vkSj nksuksa ,d lkFk ^pha&pha djus yxhaA vkSj ek¡ f[kyf[kykdj g¡lus yxhaA

firkth dks xqLlk vk x;k] blesa g¡lus dh D;k ckr gS\

ek¡ dks ,sls ekSdksa ij ges'kk e”kkd lw>rk gSA g¡ldj cksyh] fpfM+;k¡ ,d nwljh ls iwN jgh gSa fd ;g vkneh dkSu gS vkSj ukp D;ksa jgk gS\

rc firkth dks vkSj Hkh ”;knk xqLlk vk x;k vkSj og igys ls Hkh ”;knk m¡Qpk owQnus yxsA

xkSjS;k¡ ?kksalys esa ls fudydj nwljs ia[ks osQ MSus ij tk cSBhaA mUgsa firkth dk ukpuk tSls cgqr ilan vk jgk FkkA ek¡ fiQj g¡lus yxha] ;s fudysaxh ugha] thA vc bUgksaus vaMs ns fn, gksaxsA¸

¶fudysaxh oSQls ugha\¸ firkth cksys vkSj ckgj ls ykBh mBk yk,A blh chp xkSjS;k¡ fiQj ?kksalys esa tk cSBh FkhaA mUgksaus ykBh m¡Qph mBkdj ia[ks osQ xksys dks BdksjkA ^pha&pha* djrh xkSjS;k¡ mM+dj insZ osQ MaMs ij tk cSBhaA

bruh rdyhi+Q djus dh D;k ”k:jr FkhA ia[kk pyk nsrs rks ;s mM+ tkrhaA ek¡ us g¡ldj dgkA

firkth ykBh mBk, insZ osQ MaMs dh vksj yiosQA ,d xkSjS;k mM+dj fdpu osQ njok”ks ij tk cSBhA nwljh lhf<+;ksa okys njok”ks ijA

ek¡ fiQj g¡l nhA rqe rks cM+s le>nkj gks th] lHkh njok”ks [kqys gSa vkSj rqe xkSjS;ksa dks ckgj fudky jgs gksA ,d njok”kk [kqyk NksM+ks] ckdh njok”ks can dj nksA rHkh ;s fudysaxhA

vc firkth us eq>s f>M+ddj dgk] ¶rw [kM+k D;k ns[k jgk gS\ tk] nksuksa njokts can dj ns!¸

eSaus Hkkxdj nksuksa njok”ks can dj fn, osQoy fdpu okyk njok”kk [kqyk jgkA

firkth us fiQj ykBh mBkbZ vkSj xkSjS;ksa ij geyk cksy fn;kA ,d ckj rks >wyrh ykBh ek¡ osQ flj ij yxrs&yxrs cphA pha&pha djrh fpfM+;k¡ dHkh ,d txg rks dHkh nwljh txg tk cSBrhaA vkf[kj nksuksa fdpu dh vksj [kqyus okys njok”ks esa ls ckgj fudy xb±A ek¡ rkfy;k¡ ctkus yxhaA firkth us ykBh nhokj osQ lkFk fVdkdj j[k nh vkSj Nkrh iSQyk, oqQlhZ ij vk cSBsA

¶vkt njok”ks can j[kks¸ mUgksaus gqDe fn;kA ¶,d fnu vanj ugha ?kql ik,¡xh] rks ?kj NksM+ nsaxhA¸

rHkh ia[ks osQ mQij ls pha&pha dh vkokt lqukbZ iM+hA vkSj ek¡ f[kyf[kykdj g¡l nhaA eSaus flj mBkdj mQij dh vksj ns[kk] nksuksa xkSjS;k fiQj ls vius ?kksalys esa ekStwn FkhaA

¶njok”ks osQ uhps ls vk xbZ gSa]¸ ek¡ cksyhaA

eSaus njokts osQ uhps ns[kkA lpeqp njoktksa osQ uhps FkksM+h&FkksM+h txg [kkyh FkhA

firkth dks fiQj xqLlk vk x;kA ek¡ enn rks djrh ugha Fkha] cSBh g¡ls tk jgh FkhaA

vc rks firkth xkSjS;ksa ij fiy iM+sA mUgksaus njok”kksa osQ uhps diM+s Bw¡l fn, rkfd dgha dksbZ Nsn cpk ugha jg tk,A vkSj fiQj ykBh >qykrs gq, mu ij VwV iM+sA fpfM+;k¡ pha&pha djrh fiQj ckgj fudy xb±A ij FkksM+h gh nsj ckn os fiQj dejs esa ekStwn FkhaA vcdh ckj os jks'kunku esa ls vk xbZ Fkha ftldk ,d 'kh'kk VwVk gqvk FkkA

¶ns[kks&th] fpfM+;ksa dks er fudkyks]¸ ek¡ us vcdh ckj xaHkhjrk ls dgk] vc rks 

bUgksaus vaMs Hkh ns fn, gksaxsA vc ;s ;gk¡ ls ugha tk,¡xhA

D;k eryc\ eSa dkyhu cjckn djok yw¡\ firkth cksys vkSj oqQlhZ ij p<+dj jks'kunku esa diM+k Bw¡l fn;k vkSj fiQj ykBh >qykdj ,d ckj fiQj fpfM+;ksa dks [knsM+ fn;kA nksuksa fiNys vk¡xu dh nhokj ij tk cSBhaA

brus esa jkr iM+ xbZA ge [kkuk [kkdj mQij tkdj lks x,A tkus ls igys eSaus vk¡xu esa >k¡ddj ns[kk] fpfM+;k¡ ogk¡ ij ugha FkhaA eSaus le> fy;k fd mUgsa vDy vk xbZ gksxhA viuh gkj ekudj fdlh nwljh txg pyh xbZ gksaxhA

nwljs fnu brokj FkkA tc ge yksx uhps mrjdj vk, rks os fiQj ls ekStwn Fkha vkSj e”ks ls cSBh eYgkj xk jgh FkhaA firkth us fiQj ykBh mBk yhA ml fnu mUgsa xkSjS;ksa dks ckgj fudkyus esa cgqr nsj ugha yxhA

vc rks jks”k ;gh oqQN gksus yxkA fnu esa rks os ckgj fudky nh tkrha ij jkr osQ oDr tc ge lks jgs gksrs] rks u tkus fdl jkLrs ls os vanj ?kql vkrhaA

firkth ijs'kku gks mBsA vkf[kj dksbZ dgk¡ rd ykBh >qyk ldrk gS\ firkth ckj&ckj dgsaa] ¶eSa gkj ekuus okyk vkneh ugha gw¡A¸ ij vkf[kj og Hkh rax vk x, FksA vkf[kj tc mudh lgu'khyrk pqd xbZ rks og dgus yxs fd og xkSjS;ksa dk ?kksalyk ukspdj fudky nsaxsA vkSj og IkQkSju gh ckgj ls ,d LVwy mBk yk,A

?kksalyk rksM+uk dfBu dke ugha FkkA mUgksaus ia[ks osQ uhps iQ'kZ ij LVwy j[kk vkSj ykBh ysdj LVwy ij p<+ x,A ¶fdlh dks lpeqp ckgj fudkyuk gks] rks mldk ?kj rksM+ nsuk pkfg,]¸ mUgksaus xqLls ls dgkA

?kksalys esa ls vussd fruosQ ckgj dh vksj yVd jgs Fks] xkSjS;ksa us ltkoV osQ fy, ekuks >kyj Vk¡x j[kh gksA firkth us ykBh dk fljk lw[kh ?kkl osQ frudkas ij tek;k vkSj nkb± vksj dks [khapkA nks fruosQ ?kksalys esa ls vyx gks x, vkSj iQjiQjkrs gq, uhps mrjus yxsA

¶pyks] nks fruosQ rks fudy x,]¸ ek¡ g¡ldj cksyha] vc ckdh nks g”kkj Hkh fudy tk,¡xs!

rHkh eSaus ckgj vk¡xu dh vksj ns[kk vkSj eq>s nksuksa xkSjS;k¡ u”kj vkb±A nksuksa pqipki nhokj ij cSBh FkhaA bl chp nksuksa oqQN&oqQN nqcyk xbZ Fkha] oqQN&oqQN dkyh iM+ xbZ FkhaA vc os pgd Hkh ugha jgh FkhaA

vc firkth ykBh dk fljk ?kkl osQ frudksa osQ mQij j[kdj ogha j[ks&j[ks ?kqekus yxsA blls ?kksalys osQ yacs&yacs fruosQ ykBh osQ fljs osQ lkFk fyiVus yxsA os fyiVrs x,] fyiVrs x,] vkSj ?kksalyk ykBh osQ bnZ&fxnZ f[kaprk pyk vkus yxkA fiQj og [khap&[khapdj ykBh osQ fljs osQ bnZ&fxnZ yisVk tkus yxkA lw[kh ?kkl vkSj :bZ osQ iQkgs] vkSj /kxs vkSj fFkxfy;k¡ ykBh osQ fljs ij fyiVus yxhaA rHkh lglk ”kksj dh vkok”k vkbZ] ¶pha&pha] pha&pha!!!¸

firkth osQ gkFk fBBd x,A ;g D;k\ D;k xkSjS;k¡ ykSV vkb± gSa\ eSaus >V ls ckgj dh vksj ns[kkA ugha] nksuksa xkSjS;k¡ ckgj nhokj ij xqelqe cSBh FkhaA

¶pha&pha] pha&pha!¸ fiQj vkok”k vkbZA eSaus mQij ns[kkA ia[ks osQ xksys osQ mQij ls uUgha&uUgha xkSjS;k¡ flj fudkys uhps dh vksj ns[k jgh Fkha vkSj pha&pha fd, tk jgh FkhaA vHkh Hkh firkth osQ gkFk esa ykBh Fkh vkSj ml ij fyiVk ?kksalys dk cgqr&lk fgLlk FkkA uUgha&uUgha nks xkSjS;k¡! os vHkh Hkh >k¡osQ tk jgh Fkha vkSj pha&pha djosQ ekuks viuk ifjp; ns jgh Fkha] ge vk xbZ gSaA gekjs ek¡&cki dgk¡a gSa\

eSa voko~Q mudh vksj ns[krk jgkA fiQj eSaus ns[kk] firkth LVwy ij ls uhps mrj vk, gSaA vkSj ?kksalys osQ frudksa esa ls ykBh fudkydj mUgksaus ykBh dks ,d vksj j[k fn;k gS vkSj pqipki oqQlhZ ij vkdj cSB x, gSaA bl chp ek¡ oqQlhZ ij ls mBha vkSj lHkh njokts [kksy fn,A uUgha fpfM+;k¡ vHkh Hkh gk¡iQ&gk¡iQdj fpYyk, tk jgh Fkha vkSj vius ek¡&cki dks cqyk jgh FkhaA

muosQ ek¡&cki >V&ls mM+dj vanj vk x, vkSj pha&pha djrs muls tk feys vkSj mudh uUgha&uUgha pksapksa esa pqXxk Mkyus yxsA ek¡&firkth vkSj eSa mudh vksj ns[krs jg x,A dejs esa fiQj ls 'kksj gksus yxk Fkk] ij vcdh ckj firkth mudh vksj ns[k&ns[kdj osQoy eqldjkrs jgsA

-Hkh"e lkguh

vH;kl

'kCnkFkZ

ljk; & ;kf=k;ksa osQ fy, oqQN le; #dus dh txg] eqlkfiQj [kkuk      

Msjk & jgus dh txg] iM+ko                                    

'kksj & gYyk] dksykgy                                        

/ek&pkSdM+h & mNy&owQn                                     

v¡xhBh & vkx j[kus dk cjru                                  

dljr & O;k;ke                                            

Nkouh & tgk¡ lsuk ;k iqfyl jgrh gks] f'kfoj

jks'kunku & dejs osQ vanj jks'kuh vkus osQ fy, cuh f[kM+dh

fFkxfy;k¡ & Nsn can djus osQ fy, Vk¡dk x;k diM+s dk VqdM+k] iScan

fcNkou & fcLrj

mcy iM+uk & xqLlkuk

gqDe & vkns'k

vDy & cqf¼

bnZ&fxnZ & vkl&ikl

fujh{k.k & tk¡p

1- ikB ls

(d) nksuksa xkSjS;ksa dks firkth tc ?kj ls ckgj fudkyus dh dksf'k'k dj jgs Fks rks ek¡ D;ksa enn ugha dj jgh Fkh\ cl] og g¡lrh D;ksa tk jgh Fkh\

([k) ns[kks th] fpfM+;ksa dks er fudkyksA ek¡ us firkth ls xaHkhjrk ls ;g D;ksa dgk\

(x) ¶fdlh dks lpeqp ckgj fudkyuk gks rks mldk ?kj rksM+ nsuk pkfg,]¸ firkth us xqLls esa ,slk D;ksa dgk\ D;k firkth osQ bl dFku ls ek¡ lger Fkh\ D;k rqe lger gks\ vxj ugha rks D;kas\

(?k) dejs esa fiQj ls 'kksj gksus ij Hkh firkth vcdh ckj xkSjS;k dh rj-IkQ ns[kdj eqLkoqQjkrs D;ksa jgs\

2- i'kq&i{kh vkSj ge

bl dgkuh osQ 'kq: esa dbZ i'kq&if{k;ksa dh ppkZ dh xbZ gSA dgkuh esa os ,sls oqQN dke djrs gaS tSls euq"; djrs gSaA mudks <w¡<+dj rkfydk iwjh djks-

(d) i{kh - ?kj dk irk fy[kokdj yk, gSaA

([k) cw<+k pwgk -

(x) fcYyh -

(?k) pexknM+ -

(M+) phafV;k¡ -

3- eYgkj

uhps fn, x, okD; dks i<+ks&

¶tc ge yksx uhps mrjdj vk,] rc os fiQj ls ekStwn Fkha vkSj e”ks ls cSBh eYgkj xk jgh FkhaA¸

(d) vc rqe irk djks fd eYgkj D;k gksrk gS\ bl dke esa rqe cM+ksa dh lgk;rk Hkh ys ldrs gksA

([k) crkvks fd D;k lpeqp fpfM+;k¡ ^eYgkj* xk ldrh gSa\

(x) crkvks dh dgkuh esa fpfM+;ksa }kjk eYgkj xkus dh ckr D;ksa dgh xbZ gS\

4- ikB ls vkxs

vyx&vyx i{kh vyx&vyx rjg ls ?kksalyk cukrs gSaA rqe oqQN if{k;ksa osQ ?kkslyksa osQ fp=k bdêòs djosQ mls viuh dkWih ij fpidkdj f'k{kd dks fn[kkvksA

5- vanj vkus osQ jkLrs

(d) iwjh dgkuh esa xkSjS;k] dgk¡&dgk¡ ls ?kj osQ vanj ?kqlh Fkha\ lwph cukvksA

([k) vc vius ?kj osQ ckjs esa lkspksA rqEgkjs ?kj esa ;fn xkSjS;k vkuk pkgs rks og dgk¡&dgk¡ ls vanj ?kql ldrh gS\ bls vius f'k{kd dks crkvksA

6- dgus dk vank”k

¶ek¡ f[kyf[kykdj g¡l nhaA¸ bl okD; esa ^f[kyf[kykdj* 'kCn crk jgk gS fd ek¡ oSQls g¡lh FkhaA blh izdkj uhps fn, x, js[kkafdr 'kCnksa ij Hkh è;ku nksA bu 'kCnksa ls ,d&,d okD; cukvksA

(d) firkth us f>M+ddj dgk] ¶rw [kM+k D;k ns[k jgk gS\¸

([k) ¶vkt njok”ks can j[kks]¸ mUgksaus gqDe fn;kA

(x) ¶ns[kks th] fpfM+;ksa dks er fudkyks]¸ ek¡ us vcdh ckj xaHkhjrk ls dgkA

(?k) ¶fdlh dks lpeqp ckgj fudkyuk gks] rks mldk ?kj rksM+ nsuk pkfg,]¸ mUgksaus xqLls esa dgkA

rqe buls feyrs&tqyrs oqQN vkSj 'kCn lkspks vkSj mudk iz;ksx djrs gq, oqQN okD; cukvksA

laosQr&/hjs ls] ”kksj ls] vVdrs gq,] gdykrs gq,] iqQliqqqQlkrs gq, vkfnA

7- fdlls&D;ksa&oSQls

¶firkth cksys] D;k eryc\ eSa dkyhu cjckn djok yw¡\¸ Åij fn, x, okD; ij è;ku nks vkSj crkvks fd-

(d) firkth us ;g ckr fdlls dgh\

([k) mUgksaus ;g ckr D;ksa dgh\

(x) xkSjS;ksa osQ vkus ls dkyhu oSQls cjckn gksrk\

8- ljk;

¶firkth dgrs gSa fd ;g ?kj ljk; cuk gqvk gSA¸ Åij osQ okD; dks i<+ks vkSj crkvks fd&

(d) ljk; vkSj ?kj esa D;k varj gksrk gS\ vkil esa bl ij ppkZ djksA

([k) firkth dks viuk ?kj ljk; D;ksa yxrk gS\

9- xkSjS;ksa dh ppkZ

eku yks rqe ys[kd osQ ?kj dh ,d xkSjS;k gksA vc vius lkFkh xkSjS;k dks crkvks fd rqEgkjs lkFk bl ?kj esa D;k&D;k gqvk\

10- oSQls yxs

rqEgsa bl dgkuh esa dkSu lcls vf/d ilan vk;k\ rqEgsa mldh dkSu&lh ckr lcls vfèkd vPNh yxh\

(d) ek¡   ([k) firkth   (x) ys[kd   (?k) xkSjS;k    (Ä) pwgs    (p) fcYyh    (N) dcwrj (t) dksbZ vU;@oqQN vkSj

11- ek¡ dh ckr

uhps ek¡ }kjk dgh xbZ oqQN ckrsa fy[kh gqbZ gSaA mUgsa i<+ksA

¶vc rks ;s ugha mM+saxhA igys bUgsa mM+k nsrs] rks mM+ tkrhaA¸

¶,d njok”kk [kqyk NksM+ks] ckdh njok”ks can dj nksA rHkh ;s fudysaxhA¸

¶ns[kks th] fpfM+;ksa dks er fudkyksA vc rks bUgksaus vaMs Hkh ns fn, gksaxsA vc ;s ;gk¡ ls ugha tk,¡xhA¸

vc crkvks fd-

(d) D;k ek¡ lpeqp fpfM+;ksa dks ?kj ls fudkyuk pkgrh Fkha\

([k) ek¡ ckj&ckj D;ksa dg jgh Fkha fd ;s fpfM+;k¡ ugha tk,¡xh\

12- dgkuh dh ppkZ

(d) rqEgkjs fopkj ls bl dgkuh dks dkSu lquk jgk gS\ rqEgsa ;g fdu ckrksa ls irk pyk\

([k) ys[kd us ;g vuqeku oSQls yxk;k fd ,d pwgk cw<+k gS vkSj mldks lnhZ yxrh gS\

13- 'kCn dh le>

pqd & pwd

(d) vc mudh lgu'khyrk pqd xbZA

([k) mudk fu'kkuk pwd x;kA

vc rqe Hkh bu 'kCnksa dks le>ks vkSj muls okD; cukvksA

(i) lq[k & lw[k

(d) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(ii) /qy & /wy

(d) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(iii) lquk & lwuk

(d) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------