¯gnh us ftudh ¯”knxh cny nh-ekfj;k usT;S'kh

og fnYyh osQ lnZ tkM+ksa dh dksbZ vke lqcg gh Fkh tc tuiFk fLFkr gaxsfj;u lwpuk ,oa lkaLo`Qfrd osaQnz dh tulaioZQ vfèkdkjh gjyhu vgywokfy;k dk iQksu vk;kA gjyhu eq>s gaxjh dh ,d vaxzs”k ¯gnh efgyk fo}ku ls feyokuk pkgrh Fkha] ftUgsa ¯gnh esa fd, x, muosQ dke osQ pyrs u osQoy nqfu;k Hkj esa igpku feyh Fkh] cfYd vius jk"Vªifr vcqy ifdj tSuqykvcnhu vCnqy dyke us mUgsa lEekfur Hkh fd;k FkkA

og fonq"kh rc pan fnuksa osQ fy, gh Hkkjr esa Fkha vkSj mlh 'kke mUgsa fnYyh ls ckgj tkuk FkkA fygk”kk lqcg 10 cts dk le; eqykdkr osQ fy, r; gqvkA Hkys gh og efgyk ¯gnh osQ pyrs tkuh&igpkuh tk jgh Fkha ysfdu Fkha rks vaxzs”k fygk”kk muls iwNs tkus okys lokyksa dh isQgfjLr rS;kj djrs oDr ¯gnh osQ lkFk&lkFk vaxzsth dk Hkh è;ku j[kk fd D;k irk dc laokn osQ fy, bldh ”k:jr vk iM+sA

vk'p;Z] vaxzsth osQ lokyksa dh ”k:jr gh ugha iM+hA lqcg 10 cts tc vius iQksVksxzkiQj osQ lkFk eSa gaxsfj;u lwpuk osaQnz igq¡pk rks gjyhu vius dk;kZy;h dke esa O;Lr Fkha] gesa Lokxr d{k esa cSBus dks dgk x;kA ge cSBdj vHkh xjek&xje dkWiQh dh pqlfd;k¡ ys gh jgs Fks fd ,d Hknz vaxzs”k efgyk vk igq¡phA

mUgksaus vfHkoknu dh 'kq#vkr gkFk tksM+dj ^ueLrs* ls dhA fiQj {kek;kpuk dh fd fnYyh osQ O;Lr ;krk;kr osQ pyrs og le; ls ugha igq¡p ldhaA gjyhu osQ vkus osQ pan feuV ckn gh ge ckrphr esa brus e'kxwy gks pqosQ Fks fd vkSipkfjd ifjp; dh ”k:jr gh ugha iM+hA

og MkW- ekfj;k usT;S'kh FkhaA vizSy 1953 esa gaxjh osQ cqMkisLV esas tUeh usT;S'kh us laLo`Qr] ysfVu] izkphu ;wukuh vkSj Hkkjr foKku tSls fo"k;ksa esa ,e- ,- dj laLo`Qr o ¯gnh esa MkDVjsV dh mikfèk gkfly dhA

;wjksi ¯gnh lfefr dh mikè;{k vkSj b;ksRoksl yksjsaM ;wfuoflZVh esa ¯gnh dh foHkkxkè;{k osQ rkSj ij vdknfed xfrfofèk;ksa ls tqM+h usT;S'kh us 3 ntZu ls Hkh vfèkd fdrkcksa dk ¯gnh ls gaxsfj;u o gaxsfj;u ls ¯gnh esa vuqokn fd;kA

gekjh ckrphr osQ chp NBs fo'o ¯gnh lEesyu o tktZ fxz;lZu lEeku ls lEekfur usT;S'kh dks Hkkjr] ;gk¡ dh Hkk"kk] ;gk¡ osQ yksx] ;gk¡ osQ 'kgj] ;gk¡ dh f-IkQYesa] ;gk¡ dk lkfgR;] ;gk¡ dh jktuhfr vkSj ;gk¡ dh laLo`Qfr oSQlh yxrh gS\ mudk [kqn dk cpiu oSQlk Fkk\ mudk ¯gnh ls tqM+ko oSQls gqvk\ tSls reke lokyksa ls gksdj xqtjuk iM+k vkSj lHkh osQ tokc mUgksaus ¯cnkl vankt esa fn,A

ysfdu usT;S'kh us ckrphr dh 'kq#vkr f'kdk;rksa ls dhA mudk dguk Fkk fd] ¶Hkkjr cgqr cM+k ns'k gSA ;gk¡ dh ijaijk cgqr le`¼ gS ij ;gk¡ osQ f-IkQYe okys bruh NksVh&NksVh ckrksa ij >wB cksyrs gh ugha cfYd >wB fn[kkrs Hkh gSa fd mUgsa ns[kdj nq[k gksrk gSA vki f-IkQYe ^ge fny ns pqosQ lue* dks gh yhft,A bl iwjh f-IkQYe dh 'kw¯Vx gaxjh ;k ;ksa dfg, fd gekjs 'kgj cqMkisLV esa gqbZ FkhA ij f-IkQYe esa mls bVyh dk 'kgj crk fn;k x;kA bl >wB dh ”k:jr D;k Fkh\ ;ksa ;g ml èkjrh osQ lkFk Hkh ukbalkiQh gS ftlosQ gqLu dks vkius oSQejs esa oSQn dj ijns ij fn[kk;k] ij txg nwljh crk nhA¸

usT;S'kh dh bl f'kdk;r dk dksbZ tokc nsrs ugha cuk] fygktk ;g dgdj fd ge vki dh ckr ^ge fny ns pqosQ lue* ns[kus okys lHkh n'kZdksa osQ ikl u Hkh igq¡pk ik,] rks vius ikBdkssa rd ”k:j igqq¡pk nsaxs rkfd mUgsa lPpkbZ dk irk py tk,] {kek ek¡x yhA mlosQ ckn ¯gnh ls muosQ tqM+ko osQ ckjs esa eSaus tkuuk pkgk rks og tSls vius cpiu esa ykSV xb±A

¶gaxjh essa la;qDr ifjokj dh lksp ugha gSA ifr&iRuh o cPpsA cPps Hkh osQoy 20 lky dh mez rd ekrk&firk osQ lkFk jg loQrs gSaA oqQy feykdj ,d bdkbZ dk NksVk ifjokjA rdjhcu 30 lky igys esjs ekrk&firk dk rykd gks x;k FkkA nksukssa us nwljk fookg fd;kA¸

¶vkt esjh ek¡ dh mez 81 lky gS] ij og vosQys jgrh gSaA esjh ekSlh 86 lky dh gSa] og Hkh vosQyh gSaA os nksuksa bl mez esa Hkh Lok;Ùk gSaA eSaus Hkh 'kknh ugha dhA dke o 'kknh esa ,d dks pquuk FkkA cPps] ifr o ifjokj osQ lkFk eSa og ugha dj ikrh tks vkt dj jgh gw¡A eSaus ¯gnh osQ fy, viuk thou lefiZr dj fn;kA¸

¶njvly] esjh ¯tnxh osQ 'kq#vkrh 20 lky cgqr NksVh&lh txg ij chrsA eSa cpiu ls gh balkuh thou osQ 'kq#vkrh nkSj dks tkuus osQ fy, ykykf;r FkhA blhfy, eSaus xzhd] ysfVu] ;wukuh vkSj laLÑr Hkk"kk,¡ i<+haA ,e- ,- dh i<+kbZ osQ ckn eSa ,d izdk'ku laLFkku ls Hkh tqM+hA ml nkSjku gaxjh esa osQoy 1&2 lTtu gh ¯gnh tkurs FksA¸

¶essjs izksi+sQlj us esjh jQfp;ksa dks ns[kdj eq>s ¯gnh i<+us osQ fy, izsfjr fd;k vkSj ,d ckj tks eSa blls tqM+h rks tqM+rh pyh xbZA 1985 esa eSa i<+kbZ osQ flyflys esa igyh ckj Hkkjr vkbZ vkSj ;gk¡ 10 ekg rd #dhA ,d yM+dh] ftlus ?kj ls dkWyst dh pkjnhokjh gh ns[kh gks] mlus ¯gnh dh cnkSyr iwjh nqfu;k ns[k yhA¸

¶vkt eSa fo,uk esa i<+krh gw¡A esjs ,d f'k"; bejs ckaxk vkDliQksMZ fo'ofo|ky; esa ¯gnh i<+krs gSaA¸

¶baXySaM esa ¯gnh osQ reke tkudkjksa osQ chp ,d gaxsfj;u dk ¯gnh i<+kus osQ fy, pquk tkuk de cM+h ckr ugha gSA tgk¡ rd gaxjh dh ckr gS rks esjs le; esa ogk¡ u rks ¯gnh Hkk"kh yksx Fks vkSj u gh fdrkcsa FkhaA MkW- gqoqQe ¯lg uked ,d xf.krK us ¯gnh lh[kus esa esjh dkiQh enn dhA¸

¶vkt gaxjh esa eSaus ¯gnh dk iqLrdky; cuk j[kk gS] ftldh fdrkcsa Hkkjrh; nwrkokl us miyCèk djkbZ gSaA eSa cqMkisLV esa Hkkjrh; iks'kkd gh igurh gw¡] ftls ns[k esjs Nk=kksa esa Hkh blosQ izfr yyd c<+h gSA dM+kosQ dh BaM osQ pyrs ogk¡ lyokj&lwV gh Bhd gS blfy, lkM+h de igurs gSaA¸

Hkkjr dh dkSu&lh ph”ksa vkidks lcls vPNh---\ okD; iwjk gksrk blls igys gh og cksy iM+ha] ¶;gk¡ osQ ekuoh; lacaèk eq>s vPNs yxrs gSaA esjs [kqn osQ <sjksa fj'rs ;gk¡ gSa] tks lkyksa&lky ls cjdjkj gSaA firk] HkkbZ o nksLr dh rjgA ;gk¡ osQ ys[kdksa us eq>s izHkkfor fd;kA vlxj otkgr osQ lkFk gaxjh esa 5 lky rd lkFk&lkFk dke fd;kA v'kksd oktis;h] jktsanz ;kno] v'kksd pozQèkj o tSusanz oqQekj tSls ys[kdksa ls esjk laioZQ jgkA Hkkjrh; [kkus esa iwjh] eVj&iuhj Hkh eq>s ilan gSA¸

;gk¡ dk dkSu&lk 'kgj o dkSu&lh fi+QYesa vki dks ilan gSa\ usT;S'kh dk tokc Fkk] ¶fnYyh rks viuk 'kgj gS] blfy, oqQN dgw¡xh ughaA eSa 7 lky ckn fnYyh vkbZ rks lh,uth dk vlj ns[kkA ;gk¡ dk iznw"k.k de gqvk gS] gfj;kyh c<+h gSA ikafMpsjh] eSlwj o mn;iqj Hkh eq>s dkiQh ilan gSaA lp dgw¡ rks tgk¡ HkhM+ de gS] gok T;knk gS] os 'kgj eq>s ilan gSaA¸

¶jgh f-IkQYeksa dh ckr rks Hkkjrh; f-IkQYesa gaxjh esa cgqr de igq¡prh gSaA oSls Hkh iwjs gaxjh esa osQoy 500 ¯gnqLrkuh gSaA 10 lky igys rks ;s osQoy 50 FksA tgk¡ rd esjh ckr gS rks eq>s f-IkQYe ^mejko tku* dkiQh vPNh yxhA ulh#íhu 'kkg o 'kckuk vkteh eq>s vPNs yxrs gSaA 'kk;n blfy, fd ;s dyk f-IkQYeksa ls tqM+s dykdkj gSaA euksjatu dh ”k:jr rks balku dks dHkh&dHkh iM+rh gS ij dyk f-IkQYesa ¯tnxh dk fgLlk gSaA vki buls eq¡g oSQls eksM+ ldrs gSa\¸

èkeZ vkSj jktuhfr osQ ckjs esa usT;S'kh osQ [k;ky iwjh rjg ls rkfoZQd gSaA muosQ eqrkfcd] ¶eSa gj rjg osQ eafnj] efLtn o ppZ xbZ gw¡] ij eSa u bèkj dh gw¡] u eSa mèkj dhA eSaus èkeZ osQ ckjs esa dkiQh oqQN i<+k gS vkSj eSa blosQ gj :i ls ifjfpr gw¡A ysfdu gj èkeZ dk vknj djrs gq, Hkh eSa fdlh ,d èkeZ dks ugha ekurhA¸

¶jgh jktuhfr rks pw¡fd eSa lekpkj&i=k] if=kdk,¡ i<+rh gw¡] [kcfj;k pSuy ns[krh gw¡] blfy, blosQ ckjs esa FkksM+h cgqr le> gSA njvly] gaxjh esa jgdj vki jktuhfr osQ izHkkoksa ls cp ugha ldrsA ogk¡ fiNys 15 lkyksa esa dkiQh cnyko gq, gSaA ysfdu Hkkjr dh jktuhfr dks le>us osQ fy, iwjh ¯tnxh pkfg,A¸

usT;S'kh ls vkf[kj esa vkèkqfudrk dks ysdj muosQ fopkjksa osQ ckjs esa iwNkA vpjt ;g fd mUgksaus vkèkqfudrk ls vlgtrk trkbZA mudk dguk Fkk] ¶cgqjk"Vªh; daifu;ksa dk izHkko bruk vfèkd c<+ x;k gS fd txg dh] lkeku dh [kkfl;r vkSj fofoèkrk [kRe gks xbZ gSA¸

¶gj txg iQkLV iwQM] ,d tSls lkcqu] ,d tSlk is;] ,d tSls 'kSaiw--- ;g D;k gS\ ;g Bhd gS fd HkweaMyhdj.k us gesa tksM+k gS] blls ge ,d&nwljs ls tqM+s gSa vkSj ,d&nwljs dks le> ik jgs gSaA ij yksx ;g D;ksa ugha le>rs fd iwjh èkjrh gh gekjh gSA vxj ge bls [kjkc djsaxs] rks bldk urhtk lcdks Hkqxruk gksxkA oSQVjhuk] lqukeh] foYek] Hkwdai vkSj Hkh u tkus D;k D;k\¸

¶eSa ,d vuqHko ls viuh ckr [kRe djuk pkgw¡xhA ,d ckj eSa lwjhuke osQ ?ku?kksj taxyksa dh rj-IkQ xbZ] tgk¡ ls unh ekxZ osQ vykok xqtjus dk dksbZ nwljk jkLrk ugha FkkA geus uko idM+h] dkiQh vanj rd x,A ;kuh ml bykosQ rd x, tgk¡ vkcknh ugha FkhA cfLr;k¡] dy&dkj[kkus ugha Fks] m|ksx&èkaèks ugha Fks ij ogk¡ Hkh IykfLVd ls cuh ikuh dh ,d cksry rSjrh gqbZ feyhA¸

¶eSaus lquk gS leqnz esa dgha ,d IykfLVd dk }hi cu x;k gS] tks tYn gh egk}hi cu tk,xkA gesa lkspuk gksxk fd bu phtksa dk i;kZoj.k ij D;k vlj gksxkA ge ,slh nqfu;k esa ft,¡xs oSQls\ D;k ,sls gh fo'o dh dYiuk dh Fkh ge lcus\ D;k ;gh fo'o gesa feysxk\¸

-t; izdk'k ikaMs;

vH;kl

'kCnkFkZ

isQgfjLr & lwph

vfHkoknu & f'k"Vkpkj dk rjhdk

{kek ;kpuk & ek-IkQh ek¡xuk

ukbalk-IkQh & vU;k;

yyd & bPNk

ykykf;r & yypk;k gqvk

cnkSyr & Ñik ls] n;k ls]

esgjckuh ls

dM+kosQ & ”kksjnkj

cjdjkj & cuk, j[kuk

eq¡g eksM+uk & csjQ[kh djuk] è;ku u nsuk

rkfoZQd & roZQiw.kZ

eqrkfcd & vuqlkj

vpj”k & vk'p;Z

[kkfl;r & fo'ks"krk

fofo/rk & dbZ rjg dk

is; & ihus okys inkFkZ

oSQVjhuk & rw-IkQku dk uke

lqukeh & leqnzh rw-IkQku

foYek & rw-IkQku

1- ikB ls

(d) ekfj;k dks fdl dk;Z osQ fy, lEekfur fd;k x;k\

([k) ekfj;k us vusd Hkk"kkvksa dk vè;;u D;ksa fd;k\

(x) ekfj;k cqMkisLV esa dkSu&lh Hkkjrh; iks'kkd iguuk ilan djrh gSa vkSj D;ksa\

2- viuh&viuh ilan

uhps nh xbZ rkfydk esa ekfj;k dh vkSj rqe viuh ilan fy[kks\

3- {kek;kpuk vkSj f'kdk;r

(d) bl HksaVokrkZ dh 'kqjQvkr esa gh ekfj;k us {kek;kpuk D;ksa dh\

([k) mlus HksaVokrkZ dh 'kq#vkr fdl rjg dh f'kdk;rksa ls dh\

(x) rqe Hkh dHkh {kek;kpuk vkSj f'kdk;rksa dk O;ogkj djrs gksxsA crkvksa og dkSu&dkSu ls volj gksrs gSa vkSj fdu&fdu ph”kksa osQ ckjs esa fdl&fdl ls rqe {kek ;kpuk vkSj f'kdk;r djrs gks\

4- oqQN ;g Hkh djks

eku yks fd rqEgkjs LowQy vkSj fdlh vU; LowQy osQ chp fØosQV eSp gqvk vkSj mlesa rqEgkjs LowQy dh fØosQV Vhe dh thr gqbZ gksA exj] fdlh lekpkj&i=k esa [kcjsa rks lgh :i esa rqEgkjs LowQy vkSj fdlh vU; LowQy osQ chp esa [ksys x, eSpksa dh Nkih xbZ gks vkSj mlosQ lkFk tks rLohjsa Nkih xbZ gksa] og fdlh nwljs eSp esa [ksyus okyh Vhe dh gksA blosQ fy, rqe f'kdk;r djuk pkgks rks D;k&D;k djksxs\

5- >wB vkSj lp dh ckr

¶;gk¡ osQ f-IkQYe okys bruh NksVh&NksVh ckrksa ij >wB cksyrs gh ugha cfYd >wB fn[kkrs Hkh gaSA¸

Åij ekfj;k us HksaVdrkZ ls tks ckr dgh gS mldks i<+ksA vc crkvks fd&

(d) rqe bl ckr ls dgk¡ rd vkSj D;ksa lger gks\

([k) D;k flusek esa >wB vkSj lp dh ckrsa fn[kkuk ”k:jh gksrk gS\ ;fn gk¡ rks D;ksa\

6- lkFk&lkFk

¶gaxjh essa la;qDr ifjokj dh lksp ugha gSA ifr&iRuh o cPpsA cPps Hkh osQoy 20 lky dh mez rd ekrk&firk osQ lkFk jg loQrs gSaA oqQy feykdj ,d bdkbZ dk NksVk ifjokjA¸

Åij osQ okD;ksa dks i<+ks vkSj crkvks fd&

(d) Hkkjr esa cPps dc rd ekrk&firk osQ lkFk jg ldrs gS vkSj D;ksa\

([k) rqEgsa vxj gaxjh ;k fdlh vU; ns'k esa jgus dh vko';drk gks rks fdu&fdu ph”kksa dks lkFk j[kuk pkgksxs vkSj D;ksa\

7- ekr`Hkk"kk

uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa dks viuh ekr`Hkk"kk esa fy[kks vkSj mu ij vius fe=kksa ls ppkZ djks&

(d) ueLrs        &    ---------------------

([k) ?kj          &    ---------------------

(x) lM+d        &    --------------------

(?k) lekpkj&i=k   &    ---------------------

(Ä) ikuh         &    ---------------------

(p) lkcqu        &    ---------------------

(N) /jrh        &    ---------------------

(t) taxy        &    ---------------------

(>) lqcg        &   ---------------------

8- lk-IkQ&l-IkQkbZ

(d) ekfj;k dks leqnz esa IykfLVd osQ }hi vkSj /jrh dks [kjkc djus okyh ph”kksa ls ¯prk gqbZ gSA D;k rqEgsa Hkh vius vkl&ikl esa iSQyh xanxh] owQM+s&dpjs osQ <sj vkSj rqEgkjs okrkoj.k dks [kjkc djus okyh ph”kksa dks ns[kdj ¯prk gksrh gS\ dkj.k lfgr mÙkj nksA

([k) rqe vxj vius vkl&ikl] ?kj] LowQy o vius ifjos'k dh
lk-IkQ&l-IkQkbZ djuk pkgks rks D;k&D;k Lo;a dj ldrs gks vkSj D;k&D;k djus esa rqEgsa vius fe=kksa] lacaf/;kas] f'k{kdksa vkSj vU; yksxksa dh lgk;rk ysuh iM+ ldrh gS\

9- nks&nks leku vFkZ

uhps ,d 'kCn osQ nks leku vFkZ fn, x, gSaA tSls&

vc rqe Hkh bu 'kCnksa osQ nks&nks leku vFkZ fy[kks

(d) nksLr & ---------------- ] ----------------

([k) ek¡ & ---------------- ] ----------------

(x) ikuh & ---------------- ] ----------------

(?k) ukjh & ---------------- ] ----------------

10- dk-IkQh ;k dkW-IkQh\

^dk-IkQh* 'kCn dk vFkZ gS & i;kZIr vkSj ^dkW-IkQh* dk vFkZ gksrk gS ,d is; inkFkZA nksuksa 'kCnksa dh orZuh esa osQoy FkksM+k&lk varj gksus ls vFkZ cny x;k gSA

rqe fn, x, 'kCnksa dks i<+ks vkSj okD; cukvksA

(d) cky] ckWy

([k) gky] gkWy

(x) pkd] pkWd

(?k) dk-IkQh] dkW-IkQh

11- uhps fn, x, okD;ksa dks lgh 'kCnksa ls iwjk djks

(d) jek us dejs esa iwQy -------------- fn, (l”kk@ltk)

([k) ek¡ ngh -------------- Hkwy xbZA (”kekuk@tekuk)

(x) ?kksM+k -------------- nkSM+rk gSA (rs”k@rst)

(?k) 'khyk us eq>s ,d ------------ dh ckr crkbZA (jkt@jk”k)

(Ä) mfnr flrkj ctkus osQ ------------ esa ekfgj gSA (-IkQu@iQu)

(p) di esa ------------ lh pk; cph FkhA (tjk@”kjk)

12- lapkj ekè;eksa dh nqfu;k

(d) rqe i<+us&fy[kus esa fdu&fdu lapkj ekè;eksa dk mi;ksx djrs gks\

([k) muesa ls rqEgsa lcls mi;qDr D;k vkSj D;ksa yxrk gS\