Solution of Chapter 4. From the Diary of Anne Frank (First Flight - English Book)

Chapter Exercises

Oral Comprehension Check Pg-51

Oral Comprehension Check Pg-54

Thinking about the Text

Thinking about Language

2

Phrasal verbs

A phrasal verb is a verb followed by a preposition or an adverb. Its meaning is often different from the meaning of its parts.


Compare the meanings of the verbs gets on and run away in (a) and (b) below. You can easily guess their meanings in (a) but in (b) they have special meanings.


(a) She got on at Agra when the bus stopped for breakfast.


Dev Anand ran away from home when he was a teenager.


In (a) i.e. the first sentence, she got on refers to the movement of a person


Whereas


In the second sentence, it says that Dev Anand ran away i.e. left his house


(b) She’s eager to get on in life. (Succeed)


The visitors ran away with the match. (Won easily)


In (b) i.e. the first sentence, it refers to climbing the ladder of success


Whereas


In the second sentence, it refers to winning the match (ran away with the match)


Some phrasal verbs have three parts: a verb followed by an adverb and a preposition. For Example:


(c) Our car ran out of petrol just outside the city limits.


(d) The government wants to reach out to the people with this new campaign.


B. Now find the sentences in the lesson that have the phrasal verbs given below. Match them with their meanings. (you have already found out the meanings of some of them.) Are their meanings the same as that of their parts? (Note that two parts of the phrasal verb may occur separated in the text.)


(i) plunge in



Speak or write without focus



(ii) kept back



Stay indoors



(iii) move up



Make (them) remain quite



(iv) ramble on



Have a good relationship with



(v) get along with



Give an assignment (homework) to a person in authority (the teacher)



(vi) calm down



Compensate



(vii) stay in



Go straight to the topic



(viii) make up for



Go to the next grade



(ix) hand in



Not promoted


4

Do you know how to use a dictionary to find out the meanings or idiomatic expressions? Take, for example, the expressions caught my eye in the story. Where-under which word-would you look for it in the dictionary?

Look for it under the first word. But if the first word is a ‘grammatically’ word like a, the, for, etc., then take the next word. That is, look for the first ‘meaningful’ word in the expression. In our example, it is the word caught.


But you wouldn’t find caught in the dictionary because it is the past tense of catch. You’ll find caught listed under catch. So you must look catch for the expressions caught my eye. Which other expressions with catch are listed below in your dictionary?


Note that a dictionary entry usually first give the meanings of the word itself, and then gives a list of idiomatic expressions using that word. For example, study this partial entry for the noun ‘eye’ from the Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 2005.


Eye


Noun


Part of the body, either of the two organs of the face that you see with: The suspect has dark hair and green eyes.


Ability to see: A surgeon needs a good eye and a steady hand.


The way of seeing -a particular way of seeing: He looked at the design with the eye of an engineer.


You have read the expressions ‘not to lose heart’ in this text. Now find out the meanings of the following expressions using the word ‘heart’. Use each of them in a sentence of your own.


1. Break somebody’s heart


2. Close/dear to heart


3. From the (bottom of your) heart.


4. Have a heart


5. Have a heart of stone


6. Your heart goes out to somebody.

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Amanda - Thinking about the Poem