Igneous rock is derived from the Latin word called ‘Ingis’ which means Fire. Igneous rock is popularly known as primary rocks or mother rocks because all other rocks are directly or indirectly formed from Lava and Magma. Lava and Magma are the materials which are found under the earth surface. When this magma reaches the earth surfaces it is called lava. When this lava cools down and solidifications on the surface are called igneous rocks. The best examples of igneous rocks are Granite and Basalt. These igneous rocks are highly used for the construction works and laying of roads.

Igneous rocks are broadly classified on the basis of texture. The texture is highly depending upon the size and other physical condition of materials. The intermediate cooling condition of the lava defines the texture and shape of the rocks. Other most popular examples of igneous rocks are gabbros, pegmatite, volcanic breccias and tuff.