For any two sets A and B, show that A × B and B × A have an element in common if and only if A and B have an element in common.

We know,


(A × B) (B × A) = (A B) × (B A)


Here A and B have an element in common i.e., n(A B) = 1 = (B A)


So, n((A × B) (B × A)) = n((A B) × (B A)) = n(A B) × n(B A) = 1 × 1 = 1


That means, A × B and B × A have an element in common if and only if A and B have an element in common. [Proved]


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