The relation ‘R’ in N × N such that (a, b) R (c, d) ⬄ a + d = b + c is
Check:
(a,b)R (a,b) ∈ R
a + b = b + a
hence R is reflexive.
Now,
(a, b) R (c, d) ∈ R
a + d = b + c
⇒ c + b = d + a
⇒ (c,d) R (a,b) ∈ R
R is symmetric
Now,
(a, b) R (c, d) ∈ R
a + d = b + c
(c,d) R (e,f) ∈ R
⇒ c + f = d + e
Now,
a + d + c + f = b + c + d + e
⇒ a + f = b + e
So (a,b) R (e,f)
R is transitive.
Hence R is an equivalence relation.