Two very small organisms X and Y both reproduce by the method of budding. Organism X is industrially very important because it is used in making alcohol from sugar. It is also used in making bread. Organisms Y is a tiny animal having tentacles which live in water.
(a) What is organisms X?
(b) Name the process in which X converts sugar into alcohol.
(c) To which class of organism does X belong?
(d) What are organisms Y?
(e) Out of X and Y, which organism is multicellular and which one is unicellular?
(a) X is Yeast.
Explanation: Yeasts are unicellular fungi which convert glucose into alcohol through the process of fermentation.
(b) The process in which X converts sugar into alcohol is called Fermentation.
Explanation: The following chemical reaction takes place:
Yeast + Glucose → Alcohol (l) + CO2 (g)
(c) The organism X i.e. Yeast belongs to the fungi of living organisms.
Explanation: Yeast is a single-cellular organism which divides by mitosis and shows budding. Fungi have the following characteristics:
i) They have a cell wall.
ii) They have a nucleus.
iii) They have no chloroplasts.
(d) Organism Y is Hydra.
Explanation: Hydra is a genus of small fresh-water animals
(e) Yeast ( X) is a unicellular and Hydra (Y) is a Multicellular.
Explanation: Yeasts are unicellular organisms because they are single-celled organisms.
Hydra are multicellular organisms with complex bodies