There are various centres in the neural system that plays significant a role in the regulation and control of respiration.Such centres include:

1.Pneumotaxic centre:

It is present in the dorsal part (back) of the pons varoli of the brain.

Function:This centre decreases the duration of inspiration hence alter the respiration rate.

2. Respiratory Rhythm centre or Medullary inspiratory centre:

It is present in the medulla of the brain.

Function:It regulates the respiratory rhythm.

3. Apneustic centre:It is present in the lower part of the pons varoli of the brain.

Function:It increases the duration of inspiration.

4. Chemosensitive centre:Present in the medulla oblongata and the pons area of the brain.

Function:This area is highly sensitive to carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions.This area starts eliminating these ions when their level is increased.Receptors present in the carotid artery and aortic arch also recognises the difference in carbon dioxide and hydrogen ion concentration.Which thereby send signals to rhythm centre.