Select a meteorological observatory located in your city or near your town. Tabulate the temperature data as given in the climatological table of observatories:
(i) Note the altitude, latitude of the observatory and the period for which the mean is calculated.
(ii) Define the terms related to temperature as given in the table.
(iii) Calculate the daily mean monthly temperature.
(iv) Draw a graph to show the daily mean maximum, the daily mean minimum and the meantemperature.
(v) Calculate the annual range of temperature.
(vi) Find out in which months the daily range of temperature is the highest and the lowest.
(vii) List out the factors that determine the temperature of the place and explain the possible causes for temperature variation in the months of January, May, July and October.
Example
Observatory: New Delhi (Safdarjung)
Latitude: 28°35°’ N
Based on observations: 1951 - 1980
Altitude above mean sea level: 216 m
Daily mean monthly temperature
January 
May 
Annual range of temperature
Mean Max. Temperature in May - Mean Temperature in January
Annual range of temperature = 32.75°C – 14.2°C = 18.55°C
i) Altitude of Kolkata is 9.14m Latitude of Kolkata is 88.3639° E and Longitude of Kolkata is 22.5726° N
ii) Mean of Daily Maximum is the average highest temperature recorded in a month.
Mean of Daily minimum is the average lowest temperature recorded in a month.
iii) Daily mean monthly temperature of Kolkata
v) Annual Range of temperature = Mean Maximum temperature in the Month of May – Mean Maximum temperature in January
= 36°C-26°C
= 10°C
vi) Months in which daily range of temperature is highest- April, May, June
Months in which daily range of temperature is lowest- December, January
vii) Kolkata is located near to the tropic of Cancer where it experiences the scorching heats of sun from March to 21st June. And the Maximum temperature rises in May. After that the monsoon sets in and the weather becomes cool. So July is cooler. Towards the end of October as the monsoons draw back the place becomes cool as now the Tropic of Capricorn experiences the scorching heat of the Sun and so from October the temperature dips down and in January it becomes lowest. January is the coldest month in Kolkata.