A cylinder containing gas is lifted from the first floor to the second floor. What is the amount of work done on the gas? What is the amount of work done by the gas? Is the internal energy of the gas increased? Is the temperature of the gas increased?

1. Work done on the gas will be zero.


Explanation


Atmospheric pressure decreases, as we increase the height.


So, when the cylinder is lifted from the first floor to second-floor atmospheric pressure on the cylinder will decrease. Hence, the volume of gas inside the cylinder will increase. In the expansion process, work is always done by the gas. So, in such case, no work will be done on the gas. But gas will do work.


2. Work done by the gas will be PΔV.


Explanation


When the cylinder is lifted from the first floor to second-floor atmospheric pressure on the cylinder will decrease. Hence the volume of gas inside the cylinder will increase. This means gas expands. In the expansion, process work is done by the gas.


We know that,


Work done = force ×displacement



Volume = area ×displacement


Therefore,


Work done=pressure ×volume


Let change in the volume of gas = ΔV


The pressure at which gas expands =P


Thus, work done by the gas W


W=PΔV


3. Change in internal energy and temperature will depend on the walls of the container, whether they are insulating or conducting. So, we cannot comment about internal energy and temperature unless we know the nature of the wall.


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