What is the role of HNO3 in the nitrating mixture used for nitration of benzene?

Nitrating mixture is the mixture of 1:1 solution of HNO3 and H2SO4 and is used for the nitration of organic compounds.


HNO3 in the nitrating mixture is used for nitration of benzene. This is because it acts as a base and provides the electrophile, NO2+ ion for the nitration of benzene. The nitroniumion formed is the attacking species.



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