How do you explain the presence of an aldehydic group in a glucose molecule?
The presence of a carbonyl group in a glucose molecule can be confirmed by treating glucose with hydroxylamine to give a monoxime. It can also be treated with hydrogen cyanide to give cyanohydrin. To deduce that the carbonyl group is an aldehyde, glucose can be treated with bromine water, which undergoes mild oxidation to give the carboxylic acid gluconic acid, which confirms the presence of an aldehyde group.