Given:

Radius of wire(r) = 10 cm = 0.1 m

Current carried by it(i) = 5 A

Diagram:

Formula used:

Ampere’s circuital law states that the line integral of the magnetic field for a closed surface is μ₀ times the current enclosed by the surface.

,

Where B = magnetic field, dl = line element, μ₀ = magnetic permeability of vacuum, I = current enclosed.

(a) Since the current is uniformly distributed over the cross section of the wire, at a distance of 2 cm (0.02 m) from the axis (inside the wire), I (current enclosed)

=

Where,

A = 0.2 A, where 0.1 m is the radius of the wire.

Hence, from Ampere’s circuital law,

where μ₀ = magnetic permeability of vacuum = 4π x 10^-7 T m A^-1, B = magnetic field, dl = line element, I = current enclosed

Substituting the values, we get

B x 2π x 0.02 = 4π x 10^-7 x 0.2 (since 2π x 0.02 = circumference of the loop of radius 2 cm)

=> Magnetic field at a distance of 2 cm from the axis

= 2 x 10^-6 T = 2μT (Ans)

(b) At a distance of 10 cm from the axis, we are basically on the surface of the wire. Hence the whole current of 5 A is enclosed by it.

Hence, from Ampere’s circuital ,,

where μ₀ = magnetic permeability of vacuum = 4π x 10^-7 T m A^-1, B = magnetic field, dl = line element, I = current enclosed

Here, I = 5 A.

Substituting the values, we get

B X 2π x 0.1 = 4π x 10^-7 x 5(since 2π x 0.1 is the circumference of the loop of radius 10 cm)

=> Magnetic field at a distance of 10 cm from the axis

= 10^-5 T = 10μT (Ans)

(c) At a distance of 20 cm from the axis, we are outside the wire. Hence the whole current of 5 A is enclosed by it.

Hence, from Ampere’s circuital law, ,

where μ₀ = magnetic permeability of vacuum = 4π x 10^-7 T m A^-1, B = magnetic field, dl = line element, I = current enclosed

Here, I = 5 A.

Substituting the values, we get

B X 2π x 0.2 = 4π x 10^-7 x 5(since 2π x 0.2 is the circumference of the loop of radius 20 cm)

=> Magnetic field at a distance of 20 cm from the axis

= 5 x 10^-6 T = 5μT (Ans)

Graph for B vs x for 0 < x < 20 cm: