Involvement in independence struggle:

I. During the 1920s and the early 1930s the party was badly organised, and in practice there were several communist groups working with limited national co-ordination.

II. Between 1921 and 1924 there were three conspiracy trials against the communist movement; First Peshawar Conspiracy Case, Meerut Conspiracy Case and the Kanpur Bolshevik Conspiracy Case.

III. In Kerala communists won control over CSP, and for a brief period controlled Congress there.

IV. In July 1942, the CPI was legalised, as a result of Britain and the Soviet Union becoming allies against Nazi Germany.

V. Communists strengthened their control over the All India Trade Union Congress. At the same time, communists were politically cornered for their opposition to the Quit India Movement.