The causes that made Al Biruni visit India were:

a. He arrived in Ghazni as a hostage of Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni.

b. When Punjab became a part of the Ghaznavid Empire, he traveled Punjab and other parts of northern India.

c. He spent many years with Brahaman priests and scholars.

d. He learned Sanskrit and other religious and philosophical texts. Such as the Vedas, the Puranas, the Bhagwad Gita, the Patanjali, the Manusmriti, etc.

e. He wanted to have a detailed study and knowledge about Indian society.