Let us consider a spherical shell of some mass and radius R as given in the figure below. At point A, we have V = 0 and E = 0 as the object is at infinity.

At D, we have the object at a certain distance r>R. So here, V ≠ 0 and E ≠ 0.

At point C inside the shell, V ≠ 0 and E = 0.

For B to be true, the potential has to be a linear function of distance r. For example, let .

The electric field at is . While the potential at is .