Cuticle is a protective waxy covering produced by epidermal cells of leaves and other plant parts.

In desert plants, cuticle reduces the rate of water loss through transpiration and helps in conserving water as there is always a shortage of water for desert plants.

Stomata are involved in gas exchange during the process of photosynthesis. Lignin hardens the cell wall and gives flexibility to it. Suberin is present in the cork cells of plants and acts as a barrier for movement of water from the cells.