x² – 7x – 30

Now, first we have to find out the numbers whose-

Sum = - 7 and

Product = - 30

The numbers are 10 and 3,

So,

x² – 7x – 30

= x² – 10x + 3x – 30

= x(x – 10) + 3(x – 10)

= (x – 10)(x + 3)