The characteristics of Monsoon season is discussed below:

a. It gives water in to most of theparts of the country except some leeward sides’ rain shadow regions and desert areas.

b. Early in the season, the windward side of the Western Ghats receives heavy rainfall of more than 250 cm.

c. The rain shadow areas of Deccan Plateau and parts of Madhya Pradesh also get scanty rains.

d. The maximum rainfall is recorded in the north-eastern parts of the country. Mawsynram happens to be the wettest place in the world.

e. Indian monsoon takes “breaks” viz. sprinkled with rainless intervals. This happens because of the monsoon trough, caused due to spatial distribution of rainfall.

f. The frequency and intensity of tropical depressions also determine the amount and duration of monsoons.

g. The monsoon trough over the northern plains becomes weaker causing the months of October-November, a period of transition from hot rainy season to dry winter conditions.

The effects of Monsoon season is discussed below:

a. When the rains are heavy, the rivers get flooded causing heavy damage in the plains year after year.

b. A dry spell would cause as much misery as the river floods.

c. The characteristic of monsoon has a very destabilizing effect on Indian economy that continues to be predominantly agricultural and severely dependent on rained irrigation.