There are three basic components of a map. They are

● Distance - from one place or object to other in defined measurements.

● Directions - There are four basic directions in a map East, West, North and South. The sun rises in the East and sets in the West.

● Symbols - In place of giving long descriptions, big names or words in different languages, some marks, characters or images are used as a convenient representation of certain fixed objects. It called as Symbol. e.g.“N” is the symbol for North, “E” is symbol for East.