Explain why, diamond is hard while graphite is soft (though both are made of carbon atoms).
in a diamond crystal, each carbon atom is bonded to 4 other carbon atoms through strong covalent bonds. These four atoms form four vertices of a regular tetrahedron which form a rigid structure and thus make it hard. The structure of graphite is very different from that of diamond. A graphite crystal consists of layers of carbon atoms or sheets of carbon atoms and these layers are held together by weak Van der Waals forces making it a soft substance.
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