A solid element X has four electrons in the outermost shell of its atom. An allotrope Y of this element is used as a dry lubricant in machinery and also in making pencil leads.

(a) What is element X?


(b) Name the allotrope Y?


(c) State whether allotrope Y is a good conductor or non-conductor of electricity.


(d) Name one use of allotrope Y (other than lubrication and pencil leads)


(e) Name two other allotropes of element X.

(a) Element X is carbon.

(b) Allotrope Y is graphite.


(c) Allotrope Y is a good conductor of electricity (due to the presence of free electron).


(d) Allotrope Y is used for making electrodes of cells.


(e) Diamond and Buckministerfullerence are allotropes of element X.


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