The external powers influence bilateral relations in south Asia because, No region exists in vacuum, it is influenced by external powers and events so much that it may try to insulate itself from regional powers.

1. China and USA remain key players in South Asian politics

2. Sino Indian relations have improved significantly in last 10 years, but China’s strategic partnership with Pakistan creates irritation into the relations

3. The US enjoys good relations with both India and Pakistan since the end of Cold War and increasingly had worked as a moderator in India-Pakistan relation

4. The large South Asian economy remains in US and the huge size of the population and markets of the region also gives added stake in the future of regional security and peace