India has faced traditional (military) and non-traditional threats to its security that have emerged from within as well as outside its borders.

Its security strategy has four broad components,:

1. The first component was strengthening its military capabilities, as India was engaged in several wars with China and Pakistan. Since it is surrounded by nuclear armed countries in the South Asian region

2. The second component of India’s security strategy has been to strengthen international norms and international institutions to protect its security interests. It used non-alignment to help carve out an area of peace outside the bloc politics of the two superpowers

3. The third component of Indian security strategy is geared towards meeting security challenges within the country. Several militant groups from areas such as the Nagaland, Mizoram, the Punjab, and Kashmir among others have, from time to time, sought to break away from India.

4. Finally, there has been an attempt in India to develop its economy in a way that the vast mass of citizens are lifted out of poverty and misery and huge economic inequalities are not allowed to exist