What impression of the lives of the ordinary people of Vijayanagara can you cull from the various descriptions in the chapter?

The meaning of ordinary people is by those people who did not participate in power structure. They spoke different languages and followed different religious traditions. They consisted of small traders and local merchants with peasants and craftsmen. They used to reside in cities, trade centres, ports, towns and villages. Local community of merchants known as Kudirai Chettis or horse merchants participated in several exchanges.

Rich merchants were also included among them. Following were the main features of their lies.


1. Archaeologist has found some fine Chinese porcelain in certain areas. They are of the view that rich traders probably lived over here .this was also the Muslim residential quarter .tombs and mosques located over here are distinctive features of art ,but still their architecture style resembles with that of the architecture of Mahajanpadas found in the temples of Hampi


2. Portuguese traveller Barbosa of 16th century describes the houses of ordinary people like this, “the other houses of the people are thatched, but nonetheless well built and arranged according to the occupations, in long streets with many open places.”


3. Filed surveys suggest that there were many shrines and small temples in the entire area which belonged to vivid cults. They probably were supported by different communities. Survey also indicates that wells, rainwater tanks and temple tanks were probably the main sources of water for ordinary town people.


4. Peoples such as present, worker, slaves, etc. were also included in the group of ordinary people. The workers were known as “Vipra Viodian”. This group of ironsmiths and goldsmiths, carpenters, sculptures makers, etc. They often quarrelled mutually for their right. It seems that during the period, need was felt to frame laws for the society to execute social justice.


5. Kaikkol known as the weavers lived near temples and had a significant role in administering the temple.


6. There was an orthodox extremist section in Vijayanagara called as redis who own the land. They had enough influence in the Telegu region of the empire.


7. In the society there were a few low class people, who were non influential they were dumber, marva, jogi, praiyan, etc.


8. Some low caste people converted into Christianity under the influence of Portuguese.


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