Cards marked with numbers 5 to 50 are placed in a box and mixed thoroughly. A card is drawn from the box at random. Find the probability that the number on the taken out card is (i) a prime number less than 10, (ii) a number which is a perfect square.
Total numbers of elementary events are: 46
(i) Let E be the event of getting a prime number less than 10
The favourable numbers are: 5, 7
Then, numbers of favourable outcomes = 2
∴ P (getting a prime number less than 10) = P (E) = 2/46 = 1/23
(ii) Let E be the event of getting a perfect square number
The favourable numbers are: 9, 16, 25, 36, 49
Then, the numbers of favourable outcomes = 5
∴ P (getting a perfect square number) = P (E) = 5/46