A die is rolled twice. Find the probability that
(i) 5 will not come up either time,
(ii) 5 will come up exactly one time,
(iii) Let E be the event of getting 5 on both the dice
Total numbers of elementary events are: 6 x 6 = 36
(i) Let E be the event of getting number other than 5 on both dices
The Cases where 5 comes up on at least one time are (1, 5), (2, 5), (3, 5), (4, 5), (5, 1), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 4), (5, 5), (5, 6) and (6, 5).
The number of cases = 11 being combinations with 5 on at least one dice
The number of favourable cases where 5 will not come up either time = 36 – 11 = 25.
∴ P (5 will not come up either time) = P (E) = 25/36
(ii) Let E be the event of getting one number as 5 on either of dice
The favourale outcomes where 5 comes up on exactly one time are: (1, 5), (2, 5), (3, 5), (4, 5), (5, 1), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 4), (5, 6) and (6, 5).
The number of favourable such cases = 10.
∴ P (5 will come up exactly one time) = P (E) = 10/36 =5/18
(iii) Favourable event when 5 come up on exactly two times is (5, 5).
The number of such cases = 1.
∴ P (5 will come up both the times) = P (E) = 1/36