Prove each of the following identities:

cosec4 θ – cosec2 θ = cot4 θ + cot2 θ

Consider L.H.S. = cosec4 θ – cosec2 θ

= (cosec2 θ)2 – (cosec2 θ)


= (1 + cot2 θ)2 – (cosec2 θ)


= 1 + cot4 θ + 2cot2 θ – (cosec2 θ)


= 1 + cot4 θ + cot2 θ – (cosec2 θ – cot2 θ)


= 1 + cot4 θ + cot2 θ – 1


= cot4 θ + cot2 θ


= R.H.S.


Hence, proved.


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