There are four major causes that can lead to species loss in an area.

• Habitat loss and fragmentation: Changes caused in a habitat due to uncontrolled and unsustainable human activities such as deforestation, slash and burn agriculture, mining, and urbanization can result into breaking up of the habitat into small pieces, which effects various species and the movement of migratory animals. This leads to decrease in the genetic exchange between populations leading to decreased population of species. It is the most important cause leading to species extinction.

• Over-exploitation: Human greed has led to over-exploitation of various natural resources which has led to endangering and extinction of various species over years.

• Alien species Invasions: Alien species that the introduced unintentionally or delibrately can become invasive and can cause declination or extinction of indigenous species.

• Co-extinctions: Various species can be connected to each other in an obligatory way. When one species gets extinct, other plants or animal species associated with it also gets extinct.