Find all the points of discontinuity of f defined by f (x) = | x| – | x + 1|.
It is given that f(x) = |x| - |x + 1|
The given function f is defined for real number and f can be written as the composition of two functions, as
f = goh, where g(x) = |x| and h(x) = |x + 1|
Then, f = g - h
First we have to prove that g(x) = |x| and h(x) = |x + 1| are continuous functions.
g(x) = |x| can be written as
Now, g is defined for all real number.
Let k be a real number.
Case I: If k < 0,
Then g(k) = -k
And
Thus,
Therefore, g is continuous at all points x, i.e., x > 0
Case II: If k > 0,
Then g(k) = k and
Thus,
Therefore, g is continuous at all points x, i.e., x < 0.
Case III: If k = 0,
Then, g(k) = g(0) = 0
Therefore, g is continuous at x = 0
From the above 3 cases, we get that g is continuous at all points.
g(x) = |x + 1| can be written as
Now, h is defined for all real number.
Let k be a real number.
Case I: If k < -1,
Then h(k) = -(k + 1)
And
Thus,
Therefore, h is continuous at all points x, i.e., x < -1
Case II: If k > -1,
Then h(k) = k + 1 and
Thus,
Therefore, h is continuous at all points x, i.e., x > -1.
Case III: If k = -1,
Then, h(k) = h(-1) = -1 + 1 = 0
Therefore, g is continuous at x = -1
From the above 3 cases, we get that h is continuous at all points.
Hence, g and h are continuous function.
Therefore, f = g – h is also a continuous function.