The cast and kin networks contributed to the success of business in following ways -

a) In pre-colonial period India had extensive trade connection within and outside country. These were based upon trust, loyalty and understanding prevailing within communities. Some of these communities had their own system of banking and credit, like Hundi system.

b) "Jajmani system" was a kind of non-market exchange system which existed in many villages and regions during pre colonial period also. In this system the villages were incorporated into wider networks of exchange through which agricultural products and other goods were circulated.

c) The Nattukotai Chettiars of Tamilnadu are an example of indigenous trading networks that organised and worked during colonial period. Study of this community during that period shows that how it's banking and trade activities were deeply embedded in the social organisation of the community.