The ideas or theories that led to the formation of social movements in India after Independence are –

1) Discrimination on Caste Basis - The major socialist movements took place to secure economic justice for backward classes. These groups had been exploited from ancient time and now they are trying hard to claim their place in society.

2) Discrimination on Gender Basis - The objective of feminism movements were to redefine the role of women in society and bring them equal to men. Feminist movements were against the stereotypes and its objective was to secure the rights of women at home and workplace. These movements have been successful to some extent.

3) Environmental Issues - Environmental movements have both environmental and social concerns. These movements are mostly based upon Gandhian ideals of peaceful agitation. Environmentalism has recently acquired attention among all societies due to the problems like climate change and its attendant costs, particularly for developing countries.