(a) (i) e blue color gene is recessive; recessive is always represented by small letters.

(ii) E brown color gene is dominant; dominant is always represented by capital letters.

(b) They have brown eye color because dominant gene for brown eye color is present which suppresses the recessive gene for blue eye color and hence brown eye color is expressed

(c) Combination of ee will produce children with blue eyes because for blue eye color to be expressed there should not be gene for brown eye color that is E because if E gene will be present it will dominate the eye color and then brown eye color will be expressed and if there will be no dominant gene i.e. ee then the eye color expressed will be blue.

(d) The combinations EE and Ee will produce children with brown eyes because for brown eyes to be expressed there must be at-least one dominant gene for brown eye color i.e. E be present.