Write the different methods of food preservation.
Different methods of food preservation are-
1. Drying or dehydration where water is removed from food stuff preventing the growth of microbes. Examples- vegetables, dry fruits, pulses, spices etc.
2. Preservatives- Sodium benzoate, sodium metabisulphite etc. are used as preservatives to store pickles, jam, squashes etc.
3. Salting- Adding of common salt helps to preserve meat, fish, tamarind, raw mango etc.
4. Using sugar- sugar is added to jam, jellies, squashes.
5. Using oil and vinegar- pickles are mainly preserved by these constituents.
6. Pasteurization- it is used to preserve wine, milk etc.
7. Irradiation- High energy gamma rays or X-rays are used to preserve foods.
8. Vacuum drying- Milk is converted into milk powder by this process where moisture is removed.
9. Proper storage and packing- dry fruits, vegetables are properly stored and sealed in air-tight packets.
10. Hot and cold treatment- We can boil food and store or we can refrigerate foods at very low temperature. Because microbes die at very high or low temperature.