a) Magnetic field is the area in which the magnetic strength of a magnet can be felt by a magnetic material, inside this field the magnet can either attract or repel the magnetic substances.

b) We can determine magnetic field direction by using magnetic compass by placing it at that point and observing the needle’s direction.

c) •Take a straight thick copper wire and place it between the points X and Y in an electric circuit. The wire XY is kept perpendicular to the plane of the paper.

• Horizontally place a small compass near this copper wire. See the position of its needle.

• Pass the current through the circuit by inserting the key into the plug.

• Observe the change in the position of the compass needle and the

direction of deflection.

•Interchange the battery connection in the circuit so that the direction of the current in the copper wire changes.

• Observe the change in the direction of deflection of the needle.

d) The direction of magnetic field depends upon the direction of current passing through that circular loop. If the current is flowing clockwise then the direction of magnetic field is inside the loop along the axis and vice versa.