Plant breeding is the process in which two plants of two different varieties, species, and genera with desired traits are crossed to get those desired traits in a particular plant species. This process of plant breeding is also referred to as hybridization as the new plant formed is a hybrid of the two different plants having desired characteristics into it.

This crossing is called intervarietal when it is in two different varieties, interspecific when it is in two different species and intergeneric when it is in between two different genera.

The desired characteristics that are seen before breeding are resistance towards diseases, high yield, good absorption of fertilizers, quality of the product etc.