Human activities affect the environment in the following ways:

a) Over population- Due to good medical facilities fewer people are dying and the birth is also continuous. This leads to an increase in population. So they will damage the eco-system more. Without enough trees to filter the air, CO₂ levels increase which carries the potential to damage every single organism on Earth.

b) Pollution- Pesticides, herbicides, large landfills, waste from food processing industries, and nuclear waste generated from nuclear reactors and weapons deplete our soil of its nutrients and make it virtually lifeless. The burning of fossil fuels and toxic gases produced in factories causes’ air pollution. Effluence from industries, fertilizers run off into nearby water reservoirs, leading to water pollution and damage to the ecosystem.

c) Global Warming and Ozone Layer Depletion- Greenhouse gases like CO2 and methane are believed to lead to global warming. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), used in refrigeration, and aerosols destroy the ozone layer that shields the earth from UV rays.

d) Deforestation- As the population is increasing more food, materials, and shelters are being manufactured at stupendous rates, mostly stemming from forestry. Because of which there is depletion of oxygen as well in the eco-system.