How did long-term changes in population levels affect economy and society in Europe?

Long-term changes in population levels affect economy and society in Europe in following ways:

(i) Span of life became longer with better food. By the 13th century, an average European could expect to live 10 years longer than in the 8th century due to good quality of production.


(ii) New towns emerged as centres of trade and commerce. The society shifted towards advancement and became more civilized.


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