Universal Law of Gravitation given by Newton is called Newton’s Law of Gravitation. This law states that, “Every object in the universe attracts every other object with a force which is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.”

Suppose two bodies A and B of mass m₁ and m₂ be at distance r from each other.

So, according to Newton’s law of gravitation,

F …..1

And F …..2

Thus, combining equations 1 and 2 we get,

F =

Where, G = Universal Gravitational Constant

G = Nm²kg^-2

Newton’s law of gravitation is called universal law of gravitation because it is applicable to all bodies having mass: whether big or small; whether the bodies are terrestrial (which are on earth) or celestial (which are in outer space) such as stones, planets and satellites.