What are the major parts of the brain? Mention the functions of different parts.
Human Brain: It is enclosed in the cranium (brain box) and is protected by cerebrospinal fluid which acts as a shock absorber. The human brain has three major parts or regions: (a) Fore-brain (b) Mid Brain (c) Hind Brain.
They also have components:
â Fore-brain
It is the most complex/specialized part of the brain.
(A)Cerebrum-
(i) Main thinking and largest part of the brain.
(ii) It has 3 main areas:
a) Sensory area- to receive impulses from sense organs via Receptors
b) Motor area- control voluntary movements.
c) Association areas- Reasoning, learning & intelligence.
(B) Thalamus – It relays sensory information to the Cerebrum.
(C) Hypothalamus- It forms the link between Nervous system & Endocrine system.
â Mid brain- It connects the fore-brain with the hind-brain. It is the portion of the central nervous system associated with vision, hearing, motor control, sleep/wake, arousal (alertness), and temperature regulation.
â Hind brain- Connects the Fore brain & Hind brain
a) Cerebellum – Controls & coordinates muscular movements, maintaining body posture and equilibrium.
b) Pons- Acts as a bridge between brain & spinal cord
c) Medulla oblongata- Controls involuntary actions like blood pressure, salivation, vomiting, etc.