What are the major parts of the brain? Mention the functions of different parts.

Human Brain: It is enclosed in the cranium (brain box) and is protected by cerebrospinal fluid which acts as a shock absorber. The human brain has three major parts or regions: (a) Fore-brain (b) Mid Brain (c) Hind Brain.

They also have components:



â Fore-brain


It is the most complex/specialized part of the brain.


(A)Cerebrum-


(i) Main thinking and largest part of the brain.


(ii) It has 3 main areas:


a) Sensory area- to receive impulses from sense organs via Receptors


b) Motor area- control voluntary movements.


c) Association areas- Reasoning, learning & intelligence.


(B) Thalamus – It relays sensory information to the Cerebrum.


(C) Hypothalamus- It forms the link between Nervous system & Endocrine system.


â Mid brain- It connects the fore-brain with the hind-brain. It is the portion of the central nervous system associated with vision, hearing, motor control, sleep/wake, arousal (alertness), and temperature regulation.


â Hind brain- Connects the Fore brain & Hind brain


a) Cerebellum – Controls & coordinates muscular movements, maintaining body posture and equilibrium.


b) Pons- Acts as a bridge between brain & spinal cord


c) Medulla oblongata- Controls involuntary actions like blood pressure, salivation, vomiting, etc.


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