i) Reproduction is phenomenon by which living organisms produce new organisms (offspring) from the parent organisms for its continuity and to make sure that it does not go extinct. It is either sexual or asexual in nature.

ii) The two advantages of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction are as follows:

1. Sexual reproduction produces more variation and thus more unique characteristics in the organisms than asexual reproduction as the characteristics of both the parents are transferred to the offspring.

2. There is a better chance of survival and an increase in the organism’s ability to adapt due to the favourable traits acquired through genetic diversity.