State what happens when a concentrated solution of sodium chloride is electrolyzed? Name the process. Write the equation of the reaction involved. Write the names of products obtained. Mention one use of each product.
When a concentrated solution of sodium chloride is electrolyzed, it forms sodium hydroxide (NaOH), chlorine gas and hydrogen gas.
Chlorine gas is formed at the anode (positive charge) and hydrogen gas at the cathode (negative charge)
The reaction takes place is given as:
2NaCl + 2H2O → 2NaOH + Cl2 + H2
The above reaction is called chlor-alkali process.
The three products of the chloralkali process are:
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
Uses:
a. It is mostly used in soaps and detergents.
b. It is also used to make papers and artificial fibers.
Chlorine gas
Uses:
a. It is mostly used in medicines and fuels.
b. It is used with ammonia for fertilizers.
Hydrogen gas
Uses:
a. It is used in the treatment of water in swimming pools.
b. It is used as disinfectants and pesticides.